# Nakafa Learning Content

> For AI agents: use [llms.txt](https://nakafa.com/llms.txt) for the site index. Markdown versions are available by appending `.md` to content URLs or sending `Accept: text/markdown`.

URL: https://nakafa.com/en/exercises/high-school/snbt/general-reasoning/try-out/2026/set-9

Exercises: Try Out 2026 - Set 9: Real exam simulation to sharpen your skills and build confidence.

---

## Exercise 1

### Question

export const metadata = {
  title: "Question 1",
  authors: [{ name: "Nabil Akbarazzima Fatih" }],
  date: "01/30/2026",
};

The number of students visiting the school library for six consecutive days was <InlineMath math="120" />, <InlineMath math="123" />, <InlineMath math="121" />, <InlineMath math="124" />, <InlineMath math="122" />, and <InlineMath math="125" /> students. If the visitation trend is constant, how many students visit the library on day <InlineMath math="7" />?


### Choices

- [ ] $$127$$ students
- [ ] $$126$$ students
- [ ] $$125$$ students
- [ ] $$124$$ students
- [x] $$123$$ students

### Answer & Explanation

export const metadata = {
  title: "Explanation for Question 1",
  authors: [{ name: "Nabil Akbarazzima Fatih" }],
  date: "01/30/2026",
};

To determine the number of students on day <InlineMath math="7" />, let's analyze the pattern of library visitors over the six days.

Visitor data: <InlineMath math="120, 123, 121, 124, 122, 125" />.

#### Pattern Analysis

Let's observe the difference between each consecutive term:

<MathContainer>
  <BlockMath math="120 \xrightarrow{+3} 123 \xrightarrow{-2} 121 \xrightarrow{+3} 124 \xrightarrow{-2} 122 \xrightarrow{+3} 125" />
</MathContainer>

The addition pattern repeats alternately: <InlineMath math="+3, -2, +3, -2, +3" />.

Based on this pattern, the next step is <InlineMath math="-2" />.

#### Calculation

The number of students on day <InlineMath math="7" /> is:

<MathContainer>
  <BlockMath math="125 - 2 = 123" />
</MathContainer>

#### Conclusion

Therefore, the number of students visiting the library on day <InlineMath math="7" /> is estimated to be <InlineMath math="123" /> students.


---

## Exercise 2

### Question

export const metadata = {
  title: "Question 2",
  authors: [{ name: "Nabil Akbarazzima Fatih" }],
  date: "01/30/2026",
};

Researchers studying climate change have observed how biological and physical changes on Earth due to climate change will alter food production and impact human health. In terms of quantity, various studies have found that a combination of increased carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere, rising temperatures, and changing rainfall patterns can impact the decline in agricultural yields such as corn, rice, and wheat. This impact mainly occurs in tropical regions, which normally have high food production.

Temperature increases due to climate change also tend to increase plant pests. "Currently, pests are responsible for the loss of <InlineMath math="25" /> to <InlineMath math="40\%" /> of food crops, and if climate change continues, these pests will be able to expand their range," said Myers. Insects will also likely move to areas where insects were previously never found. Consequently, plants that have not evolved to develop defenses against insects will also be impacted. In addition, pest predators such as birds may change their migration times due to climate change and result in pest population explosions.

In addition, other food sources such as fish will decrease in quantity. Rising ocean temperatures cause fish in tropical regions to move towards the poles to find cooler places. The decline in food production in equatorial regions raises concerns, because almost all human population growth in the next <InlineMath math="50 \text{ years}" /> is predicted to occur in tropical regions.

Based on paragraph <InlineMath math="1" />, which statement is **NOT TRUE**?


### Choices

- [ ] Climate change has altered food products and impacted human health
- [ ] Increased carbon dioxide in the atmosphere impacts the decline in agricultural yields
- [ ] Tropical regions have high food production compared to other regions
- [x] If climate change does not occur, then there is no impact on changes in food production or human health
- [ ] Temperature increases and changes in rainfall patterns impact the decline in corn, rice, and wheat production

### Answer & Explanation

export const metadata = {
  title: "Explanation for Question 2",
  authors: [{ name: "Nabil Akbarazzima Fatih" }],
  date: "01/30/2026",
};

The correct answer is the statement:

> *"If climate change does not occur, then there is no impact on changes in food production or human health"*

This statement is **NOT TRUE** because it contains a logical fallacy.

**Logical Analysis:**

The text states that **climate change** (<InlineMath math="P" />) causes **impacts on food/health** (<InlineMath math="Q" />). Logically: <InlineMath math="P \rightarrow Q" />.

The statement above reverses this logic (inverse): if there is **no climate change** (<InlineMath math="\sim P" />), then there is **no impact** (<InlineMath math="\sim Q" />).

<MathContainer>
  <BlockMath math="\sim P \rightarrow \sim Q" />
</MathContainer>

This is incorrect because an **implication is not equivalent to its inverse**. Something else (other than climate change) could still cause those impacts.

Meanwhile, the other options are **TRUE** as they correspond directly to information explicitly stated in the text.


---

## Exercise 3

### Question

export const metadata = {
  title: "Question 3",
  authors: [{ name: "Nabil Akbarazzima Fatih" }],
  date: "01/30/2026",
};

Researchers studying climate change have observed how biological and physical changes on Earth due to climate change will alter food production and impact human health. In terms of quantity, various studies have found that a combination of increased carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere, rising temperatures, and changing rainfall patterns can impact the decline in agricultural yields such as corn, rice, and wheat. This impact mainly occurs in tropical regions, which normally have high food production.

Temperature increases due to climate change also tend to increase plant pests. "Currently, pests are responsible for the loss of <InlineMath math="25" /> to <InlineMath math="40\%" /> of food crops, and if climate change continues, these pests will be able to expand their range," said Myers. Insects will also likely move to areas where insects were previously never found. Consequently, plants that have not evolved to develop defenses against insects will also be impacted. In addition, pest predators such as birds may change their migration times due to climate change and result in pest population explosions.

In addition, other food sources such as fish will decrease in quantity. Rising ocean temperatures cause fish in tropical regions to move towards the poles to find cooler places. The decline in food production in equatorial regions raises concerns, because almost all human population growth in the next <InlineMath math="50 \text{ years}" /> is predicted to occur in tropical regions.

Based on paragraph <InlineMath math="2" />, which statement is **TRUE**?


### Choices

- [ ] If plant pests do not increase then the temperature rise due to climate change has occurred
- [x] If plant pests do not increase then the temperature rise due to climate change did not occur
- [ ] If climate change does not occur then pests will not expand their range
- [ ] If pests expand their range then climate change will occur
- [ ] Pest populations will increase if pest predators such as birds change migration times

### Answer & Explanation

export const metadata = {
  title: "Explanation for Question 3",
  authors: [{ name: "Nabil Akbarazzima Fatih" }],
  date: "01/30/2026",
};

The correct answer is the statement:

> *"If plant pests do not increase then the temperature rise due to climate change did not occur"*

This statement is **TRUE** based on the logical principle of **Modus Tollens** (Contrapositive).

**Logical Analysis:**

Based on paragraph <InlineMath math="2" />, there is an implication statement (cause-and-effect): "Temperature increases due to climate change tend to increase plant pests."

Let's symbolize this:

*   <InlineMath math="P" /> = Temperature rise due to climate change occurs.
*   <InlineMath math="Q" /> = Plant pests increase.

The logical form is: <InlineMath math="P \rightarrow Q" />.

In mathematical logic, an implication <InlineMath math="P \rightarrow Q" /> is equivalent to its **contrapositive**, which is <InlineMath math="\sim Q \rightarrow \sim P" />.

<MathContainer>
  <BlockMath math="P \rightarrow Q \equiv \sim Q \rightarrow \sim P" />
</MathContainer>

This means: "If plant pests **do not increase** (<InlineMath math="\sim Q" />), then the temperature rise due to climate change **did not occur** (<InlineMath math="\sim P" />)."

This choice matches the contrapositive form, so it is logically **TRUE**.

Meanwhile, the other options contain logical fallacies such as the inverse (<InlineMath math="\sim P \rightarrow \sim Q" />) or converse (<InlineMath math="Q \rightarrow P" />) which are not necessarily true.


---

## Exercise 4

### Question

export const metadata = {
    title: "Question 4",
    authors: [{ name: "Nabil Akbarazzima Fatih" }],
    date: "01/30/2026",
};

Researchers studying climate change have observed how biological and physical changes on Earth due to climate change will alter food production and impact human health. In terms of quantity, various studies have found that a combination of increased carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere, rising temperatures, and changing rainfall patterns can impact the decline in agricultural yields such as corn, rice, and wheat. This impact mainly occurs in tropical regions, which normally have high food production.

Temperature increases due to climate change also tend to increase plant pests. "Currently, pests are responsible for the loss of <InlineMath math="25" /> to <InlineMath math="40\%" /> of food crops, and if climate change continues, these pests will be able to expand their range," said Myers. Insects will also likely move to areas where insects were previously never found. Consequently, plants that have not evolved to develop defenses against insects will also be impacted. In addition, pest predators such as birds may change their migration times due to climate change and result in pest population explosions.

In addition, other food sources such as fish will decrease in quantity. Rising ocean temperatures cause fish in tropical regions to move towards the poles to find cooler places. The decline in food production in equatorial regions raises concerns, because almost all human population growth in the next <InlineMath math="50 \text{ years}" /> is predicted to occur in tropical regions.

Based on paragraph <InlineMath math="3" />, which statement is **TRUE**?


### Choices

- [ ] If there is no rise in ocean temperature then fish in the tropics do not move towards the poles to find a cool place
- [x] If fish in the tropics do not move towards the poles to find a cooler place then there is no rise in ocean temperature
- [ ] If fish in the tropics move towards the poles to find a cooler place then there is a rise in ocean temperature
- [ ] The decline in food production does not affect human population growth in the next $$50$$ years
- [ ] Human population in the next $$50$$ years is strongly influenced by the decline in food production

### Answer & Explanation

export const metadata = {
  title: "Explanation for Question 4",
  authors: [{ name: "Nabil Akbarazzima Fatih" }],
  date: "01/30/2026",
};

The correct answer is the statement:

> *"If fish in the tropics do not move towards the poles to find a cooler place then there is no rise in ocean temperature"*

This statement is **TRUE** based on the logical principle of **Modus Tollens** (Contrapositive).

**Logical Analysis:**

Based on paragraph <InlineMath math="3" />, there is an implication statement (cause-and-effect): "Rising ocean temperatures cause fish in tropical regions to move towards the poles to find cooler places."

Let's symbolize this:

*   <InlineMath math="P" /> = Rising ocean temperatures occur.
*   <InlineMath math="Q" /> = Fish in tropical regions move towards the poles.

The logical form is: <InlineMath math="P \rightarrow Q" />.

In mathematical logic, an implication <InlineMath math="P \rightarrow Q" /> is equivalent to its **contrapositive**, which is <InlineMath math="\sim Q \rightarrow \sim P" />.

<MathContainer>
  <BlockMath math="P \rightarrow Q \equiv \sim Q \rightarrow \sim P" />
</MathContainer>

This means: "If fish in tropical regions **do not move** towards the poles (<InlineMath math="\sim Q" />), then rising ocean temperatures **did not occur** (<InlineMath math="\sim P" />)."

This choice matches the contrapositive form, so it is logically **TRUE**.

Meanwhile, the other options contain logical fallacies such as the inverse (<InlineMath math="\sim P \rightarrow \sim Q" />) or converse (<InlineMath math="Q \rightarrow P" />) which are not necessarily true.


---

## Exercise 5

### Question

export const metadata = {
    title: "Question 5",
    authors: [{ name: "Nabil Akbarazzima Fatih" }],
    date: "01/30/2026",
};

Sleeping in a prone position (on the stomach) can reduce snoring. This is because this position prevents the tongue from blocking the airway. Thus, the airway will not be obstructed, and snoring during sleep can be prevented. Prone sleeping will put more load on the neck, so it can cause neck pain upon waking.

Based on the text, which statement is **DEFINITELY FALSE**?


### Choices

- [ ] Someone experiencing snoring problems during sleep is advised to sleep in a prone position
- [ ] Someone who often experiences neck pain is not advised to sleep in a prone position
- [ ] The tongue will not block the airway when someone sleeps in a prone position
- [x] Prone sleeping only has bad impacts for someone who has snoring problems during sleep
- [ ] Prone sleeping position is better than other sleeping positions for the body

### Answer & Explanation

export const metadata = {
  title: "Explanation for Question 5",
  authors: [{ name: "Nabil Akbarazzima Fatih" }],
  date: "01/30/2026",
};

The statement that is **DEFINITELY FALSE** is:

> *"Prone sleeping only has bad impacts for someone who has snoring problems during sleep."*

This statement directly contradicts the information in the text. The text explicitly states that **prone sleeping can reduce snoring** because it prevents the tongue from blocking the airway.

This is a **benefit (good impact)** for people who snore. Therefore, claiming that this position *only* has bad impacts is false, as there is a positive impact explicitly mentioned.


---

## Exercise 6

### Question

export const metadata = {
  title: "Question 6",
  authors: [{ name: "Nabil Akbarazzima Fatih" }],
  date: "01/30/2026",
};

Statement A states, "City X currently has high air pollution levels, but has clean and maintained rivers and lakes."

Statement B states, "Around City X there are many textile processing and metal smelting industries whose waste is largely dumped into the river."

Data shows that currently public transportation usage figures are increasing due to price reductions and ease of access.

Which of the following statements is most appropriate regarding the data?


### Choices

- [ ] Strengthens statement A
- [ ] Weakens statement A
- [ ] Strengthens statement B
- [ ] Weakens statement B
- [x] Irrelevant to statements A and B

### Answer & Explanation

export const metadata = {
  title: "Explanation for Question 6",
  authors: [{ name: "Nabil Akbarazzima Fatih" }],
  date: "01/30/2026",
};

The most appropriate answer is **Irrelevant to statements A and B**.

To determine the relationship between the data and the statements, let's break down the main topic of each point:

1.  **Statement A**: Discusses environmental conditions (**high air pollution** & **clean water**).
2.  **Statement B**: Discusses industrial activities causing **river pollution**.
3.  **Data**: Discusses the increase in **public transportation usage** caused by **economic factors (price) and accessibility**.

**Relevance Analysis:**

The presented data only explains transportation trends and their direct causes (price & access). This data **does not provide information** regarding the impact of transportation on air pollution (whether it decreases or increases) or river conditions.

Therefore, the data stands alone and has no direct causal relationship that strengthens or weakens the environmental conditions mentioned in A or the industrial activities in B.

> **Conclusion:** The transportation data discusses a different topic (economic/social) compared to statements A and B (environmental/industrial), so it is considered **irrelevant**.


---

## Exercise 7

### Question

export const metadata = {
  title: "Question 7",
  authors: [{ name: "Nabil Akbarazzima Fatih" }],
  date: "01/30/2026",
};

The best time to visit Bromo is during the dry season in May and June. At that time, the air condition in the Bromo Area will tend to be dry and sunny without fog, which makes the beautiful scenery in the Bromo Area more visible. Currently it is February and Fira will visit the Bromo Area.

The conclusion based on the information in the text is that currently is not the best time to visit the Bromo Tourism Area.

Which of the following statements describes the quality of the conclusion?


### Choices

- [x] The conclusion is definitely true
- [ ] The conclusion is possibly true
- [ ] The conclusion is definitely false
- [ ] The conclusion is irrelevant to the information provided
- [ ] The conclusion cannot be evaluated due to insufficient information

### Answer & Explanation

export const metadata = {
  title: "Explanation for Question 7",
  authors: [{ name: "Nabil Akbarazzima Fatih" }],
  date: "01/30/2026",
};

Based on the information in the reading, the best time to visit Bromo is only during the dry season in May and June.

This means, if currently it is February (not May or June), then currently is not the best time to visit the Bromo Area.

> So, the conclusion that currently is not the best time to visit the Bromo Tourism Area is **definitely true**.


---

## Exercise 8

### Question

export const metadata = {
  title: "Question 8",
  authors: [{ name: "Nabil Akbarazzima Fatih" }],
  date: "01/30/2026",
};

To be recommended as a people's representative in city A, a person must have completed a bachelor's degree and be committed to the welfare of the people in city A. Surya is currently committed to the welfare of the people in city A even though he has not yet completed his bachelor's degree.

The conclusion based on the information in the text is that Surya is definitely recommended as a people's representative in city A.

Which of the following statements describes the quality of the conclusion?


### Choices

- [ ] The conclusion is definitely true
- [ ] The conclusion is possibly true
- [x] The conclusion is definitely false
- [ ] The conclusion is irrelevant to the information provided
- [ ] The conclusion cannot be evaluated due to insufficient information

### Answer & Explanation

export const metadata = {
  title: "Explanation for Question 8",
  authors: [{ name: "Nabil Akbarazzima Fatih" }],
  date: "01/30/2026",
};

Based on the conditions described in the reading, the requirements to be recommended as a people's representative in city A are:
1.  **Must have completed a bachelor's degree**.
2.  **Must be committed to the welfare of the people**.

Facts about Surya currently:
*   Has a commitment to the welfare of the people (Meets requirement <InlineMath math="2" />).
*   **Has not yet completed a bachelor's degree** (Does not meet requirement <InlineMath math="1" />).

Because Surya does not meet one of the absolute requirements (not yet a bachelor), he does not meet the qualifications to be recommended.

> So, the conclusion that Surya is definitely recommended as a people's representative in city A is **definitely false**.


---

## Exercise 9

### Question

import { GraduationChart } from "../chart";

export const metadata = {
  title: "Question 9",
  authors: [{ name: "Nabil Akbarazzima Fatih" }],
  date: "01/30/2026",
};

<GraduationChart lang="en" />

The following is the number of students who passed and failed the mathematics midterm exam at SMAN <InlineMath math="22" /> SUKASUSU.

Which class has the highest percentage of graduates?


### Choices

- [ ] Class A
- [ ] Class B
- [x] Class C
- [ ] Class D
- [ ] Class E

### Answer & Explanation

export const metadata = {
  title: "Explanation for Question 9",
  authors: [{ name: "Nabil Akbarazzima Fatih" }],
  date: "01/30/2026",
};

To find the highest percentage of graduates, we must compare the number of students who passed with the total number of students (<InlineMath math="\text{passed} + \text{failed}" />) in each class, then multiply by <InlineMath math="100\%" />.

**Class A**

<MathContainer>
  <BlockMath math="\frac{15}{15+5} \times 100\% = \frac{15}{20} \times 100\% = 75\%" />
</MathContainer>

**Class B**

<MathContainer>
  <BlockMath math="\frac{20}{20+10} \times 100\% = \frac{20}{30} \times 100\% = 66.66\%" />
</MathContainer>

**Class C**

<MathContainer>
  <BlockMath math="\frac{24}{24+6} \times 100\% = \frac{24}{30} \times 100\% = 80\%" />
</MathContainer>

**Class D**

<MathContainer>
  <BlockMath math="\frac{30}{30+20} \times 100\% = \frac{30}{50} \times 100\% = 60\%" />
</MathContainer>

**Class E**

<MathContainer>
  <BlockMath math="\frac{25}{25+15} \times 100\% = \frac{25}{40} \times 100\% = 62.5\%" />
</MathContainer>

Based on these calculations, the class with the highest percentage of graduates is **Class C** with <InlineMath math="80\%" />.

> So, the correct answer is **Class C**.


---

## Exercise 10

### Question

import { GraduationChart } from "../../9/chart";

export const metadata = {
  title: "Question 10",
  authors: [{ name: "Nabil Akbarazzima Fatih" }],
  date: "01/30/2026",
};

<GraduationChart lang="en" />

The following is the number of students who passed and failed the mathematics midterm exam at SMAN <InlineMath math="22" /> SUKASUSU.

Which class has the largest number of students?


### Choices

- [ ] Class A
- [ ] Class B
- [ ] Class C
- [x] Class D
- [ ] Class E

### Answer & Explanation

export const metadata = {
  title: "Explanation for Question 10",
  authors: [{ name: "Nabil Akbarazzima Fatih" }],
  date: "01/30/2026",
};

To find the class with the largest number of students, we need to sum the number of students who passed and those who failed in each class.

**Class A**

<MathContainer>
  <BlockMath math="15 + 5 = 20 \text{ students}" />
</MathContainer>

**Class B**

<MathContainer>
  <BlockMath math="20 + 10 = 30 \text{ students}" />
</MathContainer>

**Class C**

<MathContainer>
  <BlockMath math="24 + 6 = 30 \text{ students}" />
</MathContainer>

**Class D**

<MathContainer>
  <BlockMath math="30 + 20 = 50 \text{ students}" />
</MathContainer>

**Class E**

<MathContainer>
  <BlockMath math="25 + 15 = 40 \text{ students}" />
</MathContainer>

Based on these calculations, the class with the largest number of students is **Class D** with a total of <InlineMath math="50 \text{ students}" />.

> So, the correct answer is **Class D**.


---

## Exercise 11

### Question

export const metadata = {
  title: "Question 11",
  authors: [{ name: "Nabil Akbarazzima Fatih" }],
  date: "01/30/2026",
};

City <InlineMath math="X" /> held a direct mayoral election participated by one hundred thousand residents. Candidate <InlineMath math="A" /> received half the votes received by Candidate <InlineMath math="B" />. Meanwhile, Candidate <InlineMath math="C" /> only received ten thousand votes.

How many votes did Candidate <InlineMath math="A" /> receive?


### Choices

- [ ] $$10$$ thousand
- [x] $$30$$ thousand
- [ ] $$50$$ thousand
- [ ] $$60$$ thousand
- [ ] $$80$$ thousand

### Answer & Explanation

export const metadata = {
  title: "Explanation for Question 11",
  authors: [{ name: "Nabil Akbarazzima Fatih" }],
  date: "01/30/2026",
};

Based on the information in the text, we can set up the mathematical equations as follows:

1.  The total number of votes is <InlineMath math="100{,}000" />.
2.  Candidate <InlineMath math="A" /> received half the votes of Candidate <InlineMath math="B" />, so <InlineMath math="A = \frac{1}{2}B" /> or <InlineMath math="B = 2A" />.
3.  Candidate <InlineMath math="C" /> received <InlineMath math="10{,}000" /> votes.

We can calculate the votes received by Candidate <InlineMath math="A" /> using the total votes equation:

<MathContainer>
  <BlockMath math="A + B + C = 100{,}000" />
</MathContainer>

Substitute <InlineMath math="B = 2A" /> and <InlineMath math="C = 10{,}000" /> into the equation:

<MathContainer>
  <BlockMath math="A + 2A + 10{,}000 = 100{,}000" />
  <BlockMath math="3A = 100{,}000 - 10{,}000" />
  <BlockMath math="3A = 90{,}000" />
  <BlockMath math="A = \frac{90{,}000}{3}" />
  <BlockMath math="A = 30{,}000" />
</MathContainer>

> So, Candidate <InlineMath math="A" /> received **<InlineMath math="30" /> thousand** votes.


---

## Exercise 12

### Question

export const metadata = {
  title: "Question 12",
  authors: [{ name: "Nabil Akbarazzima Fatih" }],
  date: "01/30/2026",
};

City <InlineMath math="X" /> held a direct mayoral election participated by one hundred thousand residents. Candidate <InlineMath math="A" /> received half the votes received by Candidate <InlineMath math="B" />. Meanwhile, Candidate <InlineMath math="C" /> only received ten thousand votes.

How many votes did Candidate <InlineMath math="B" /> receive?


### Choices

- [ ] $$10$$ thousand
- [ ] $$30$$ thousand
- [ ] $$50$$ thousand
- [x] $$60$$ thousand
- [ ] $$80$$ thousand

### Answer & Explanation

export const metadata = {
  title: "Explanation for Question 12",
  authors: [{ name: "Nabil Akbarazzima Fatih" }],
  date: "01/30/2026",
};

Based on the information in the text, we can set up the mathematical equations as follows:

1.  The total number of votes is <InlineMath math="100{,}000" />.
2.  Candidate <InlineMath math="A" /> received half the votes of Candidate <InlineMath math="B" />, so <InlineMath math="A = \frac{1}{2}B" />.
3.  Candidate <InlineMath math="C" /> received <InlineMath math="10{,}000" /> votes.

We can calculate the votes received by Candidate <InlineMath math="B" /> using the total votes equation:

<MathContainer>
  <BlockMath math="A + B + C = 100{,}000" />
</MathContainer>

Substitute <InlineMath math="A = \frac{1}{2}B" /> and <InlineMath math="C = 10{,}000" /> into the equation:

<MathContainer>
  <BlockMath math="\frac{1}{2}B + B + 10{,}000 = 100{,}000" />
  <BlockMath math="\frac{3}{2}B = 100{,}000 - 10{,}000" />
  <BlockMath math="\frac{3}{2}B = 90{,}000" />
  <BlockMath math="B = 90{,}000 \times \frac{2}{3}" />
  <BlockMath math="B = 60{,}000" />
</MathContainer>

> So, Candidate <InlineMath math="B" /> received **<InlineMath math="60" /> thousand** votes.


---

## Exercise 13

### Question

export const metadata = {
  title: "Question 13",
  authors: [{ name: "Nabil Akbarazzima Fatih" }],
  date: "01/30/2026",
};

<InlineMath math="3" />, <InlineMath math="5" />, <InlineMath math="9" />, <InlineMath math="15" />, <InlineMath math="16" />, <InlineMath math="19" />, <InlineMath math="24" />, <InlineMath math="26" />, <InlineMath math="30" />, <InlineMath math="36" />, ...

Which of the following is correct to complete the sequence pattern?


### Choices

- [x] $$37$$
- [ ] $$38$$
- [ ] $$39$$
- [ ] $$40$$
- [ ] $$41$$

### Answer & Explanation

export const metadata = {
  title: "Explanation for Question 13",
  authors: [{ name: "Nabil Akbarazzima Fatih" }],
  date: "01/30/2026",
};

The number sequence follows a combination of two alternating addition patterns. Observing the differences between terms reveals a repeating cycle:

<MathContainer>
  <BlockMath math="\begin{aligned} 3 \xrightarrow{+2} 5 \xrightarrow{+4} 9 \xrightarrow{+6} 15 \\ 15 \xrightarrow{+1} 16 \xrightarrow{+3} 19 \xrightarrow{+5} 24 \\ 24 \xrightarrow{+2} 26 \xrightarrow{+4} 30 \xrightarrow{+6} 36 \end{aligned}" />
</MathContainer>

The pattern consists of two groups of differences:
1.  First group: <InlineMath math="+2" />, <InlineMath math="+4" />, <InlineMath math="+6" />
2.  Second group: <InlineMath math="+1" />, <InlineMath math="+3" />, <InlineMath math="+5" />

After the term <InlineMath math="36" />, the cycle returns to the second group pattern, starting with <InlineMath math="+1" />.

Thus, the next term is:

<MathContainer>
  <BlockMath math="36 + 1 = 37" />
</MathContainer>

Therefore, the correct number to complete the sequence is <InlineMath math="37" />.


---

## Exercise 14

### Question

export const metadata = {
  title: "Question 14",
  authors: [{ name: "Nabil Akbarazzima Fatih" }],
  date: "01/30/2026",
};

<InlineMath math="3" />, <InlineMath math="6" />, <InlineMath math="9" />, <InlineMath math="15" />, <InlineMath math="24" />, <InlineMath math="39" />, ..., <InlineMath math="102" />, <InlineMath math="165" />

Which of the following is correct to complete the sequence pattern?


### Choices

- [x] $$63$$
- [ ] $$75$$
- [ ] $$81$$
- [ ] $$92$$
- [ ] $$100$$

### Answer & Explanation

export const metadata = {
  title: "Explanation for Question 14",
  authors: [{ name: "Nabil Akbarazzima Fatih" }],
  date: "01/30/2026",
};

This sequence follows the Fibonacci pattern, where each term (starting from the third term) is the sum of the two preceding terms. Let's check the pattern:

<MathContainer>
  <BlockMath math="\begin{aligned} 3 + 6 &= 9 \\ 6 + 9 &= 15 \\ 9 + 15 &= 24 \\ 15 + 24 &= 39 \end{aligned}" />
</MathContainer>

To find the next term after <InlineMath math="39" />, we add the last two known terms:

<MathContainer>
  <BlockMath math="24 + 39 = 63" />
</MathContainer>

We can verify this result by calculating the subsequent terms:

<MathContainer>
  <BlockMath math="\begin{aligned} 39 + 63 &= 102 \\ 63 + 102 &= 165 \end{aligned}" />
</MathContainer>

Both verification results match the final terms in the given sequence.

Thus, the correct number to complete the sequence is <InlineMath math="63" />.


---

## Exercise 15

### Question

export const metadata = {
  title: "Question 15",
  authors: [{ name: "Nabil Akbarazzima Fatih" }],
  date: "01/30/2026",
};

Floods are the main cause of weather-related infectious disease outbreaks, especially during the rainy season. Flood events caused by heavy rain increase the likelihood of the spread of waterborne diseases, such as hepatitis A and cholera. Receding floodwaters can create stagnant water pools, which become perfect breeding grounds for mosquitoes, which can transmit malaria and other diseases.

Based on the text, which statement is NOT TRUE?


### Choices

- [ ] During the rainy season, the potential for infectious diseases due to stagnant water increases.
- [ ] Hepatitis A and cholera are widely transmitted during the rainy season.
- [ ] Infectious diseases like hepatitis A and cholera are not transmitted other than through water.
- [x] The more stagnant water pools formed after the flood recedes, the lower the potential for malaria.
- [ ] The spread of infectious diseases will be more massive during the rainy season.

### Answer & Explanation

export const metadata = {
  title: "Explanation for Question 15",
  authors: [{ name: "Nabil Akbarazzima Fatih" }],
  date: "01/30/2026",
};

Based on the text, it is stated that **"Receding floodwaters can create stagnant water pools, which become perfect breeding grounds for mosquitoes, which can transmit malaria"**.

This implies a direct causal relationship: the more stagnant water pools (due to receding floods), the more breeding grounds for mosquitoes, and consequently, the **higher** the potential for malaria transmission.

The option stating that "the more stagnant water pools... the **lower** the potential for malaria" clearly contradicts the logic of the text. Therefore, this statement is **NOT TRUE**.


---

## Exercise 16

### Question

export const metadata = {
  title: "Question 16",
  authors: [{ name: "Nabil Akbarazzima Fatih" }],
  date: "01/30/2026",
};

Besides bringing danger, floods also bring nutrients and important components for life. Seasonal floods can renew ecosystems and help the surrounding soil environment become more fertile. These floods transport important nutrients, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and organic matter, to the surrounding soil.

When the water recedes after a seasonal flood, it leaves sediment and nutrients on the floodplain which become natural fertilizer. This rich natural fertilizer improves soil quality and has a positive impact on plant growth, thereby increasing ecosystem productivity. Ancient civilizations first appeared along river deltas that flooded seasonally, such as the Nile River in Egypt, because they provided fertile soil for agricultural land.

Based on paragraph <InlineMath math="1" />, which statement is TRUE?


### Choices

- [ ] Nitrogen and phosphorus are nutrients that can harm soil in the environment.
- [ ] Organic matter can only be obtained when seasonal floods occur.
- [x] Seasonal floods transport many important nutrients to the surrounding soil.
- [ ] Soil greatly needs seasonal floods, whether natural or man-made.
- [ ] Soil fertility can only be obtained when the flood season arrives.

### Answer & Explanation

export const metadata = {
  title: "Explanation for Question 16",
  authors: [{ name: "Nabil Akbarazzima Fatih" }],
  date: "01/30/2026",
};

Based on the information in paragraph <InlineMath math="1" />, it is clearly stated that **"These floods transport important nutrients, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and organic matter, to the surrounding soil."**

This sentence directly supports the statement that seasonal floods transport many important nutrients to the surrounding soil. The other options are incorrect because:
- Nitrogen and phosphorus are described as "important nutrients," not harmful ones.
- Organic matter is not stated to be obtainable "only" during floods (the word "only" makes it false).
- The soil's need for man-made floods is not discussed.
- Soil fertility is not limited to "only" occurring during the flood season.

Therefore, the true statement according to paragraph <InlineMath math="1" /> is that seasonal floods transport important nutrients.


---

## Exercise 17

### Question

export const metadata = {
  title: "Question 17",
  authors: [{ name: "Nabil Akbarazzima Fatih" }],
  date: "01/30/2026",
};

Besides bringing danger, floods also bring nutrients and important components for life. Seasonal floods can renew ecosystems and help the surrounding soil environment become more fertile. These floods transport important nutrients, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and organic matter, to the surrounding soil.

When the water recedes after a seasonal flood, it leaves sediment and nutrients on the floodplain which become natural fertilizer. This rich natural fertilizer improves soil quality and has a positive impact on plant growth, thereby increasing ecosystem productivity. Ancient civilizations first appeared along river deltas that flooded seasonally, such as the Nile River in Egypt, because they provided fertile soil for agricultural land.

Based on paragraph <InlineMath math="2" />, which statement is NOT TRUE?


### Choices

- [ ] Sediment and nutrients from the floodplain have a positive impact on plants.
- [ ] The Nile River, which floods seasonally, helps provide fertile land.
- [ ] Seasonal floods can increase ecosystem productivity.
- [x] The fertility of agricultural land in the Nile River delta is not affected by seasonal floods.
- [ ] Soil quality around the floodplain is affected by sediment after floodwaters recede.

### Answer & Explanation

export const metadata = {
  title: "Explanation for Question 17",
  authors: [{ name: "Nabil Akbarazzima Fatih" }],
  date: "01/30/2026",
};

Based on the information in paragraph <InlineMath math="2" />, specifically the last sentence, it is stated that:

**"Ancient civilizations first appeared along river deltas that flooded seasonally, such as the Nile River in Egypt, because they provided fertile soil for agricultural land."**

This statement clearly implies a causal relationship: seasonal floods in the Nile River caused the soil to become fertile, which then supported agricultural land.

Therefore, the claim that **"The fertility of agricultural land in the Nile River delta is not affected by seasonal floods"** is **false** and directly contradicts the information in the text. The other options are true statements according to the passage.


---

## Exercise 18

### Question

export const metadata = {
  title: "Question 18",
  authors: [{ name: "Nabil Akbarazzima Fatih" }],
  date: "01/30/2026",
};

School students who feel unsuccessful at school often drop out before graduating. Students who drop out before graduating will start working to earn money. Students who do not drop out usually continue to higher education at universities and tend to have a more prosperous life.

Based on the passage, which statement is **DEFINITELY FALSE**?


### Choices

- [x] Students who continue to higher education are students who belong to the dropout category.
- [ ] Students who continue to higher education do not belong to the dropout category.
- [ ] People who live more prosperously usually belong to the students who continue to higher education at universities.
- [ ] Students who drop out before graduating do not continue to higher education at universities.
- [ ] If the number of students dropping out increases, then the number of students entering higher education decreases.

### Answer & Explanation

export const metadata = {
  title: "Explanation for Question 18",
  authors: [{ name: "Nabil Akbarazzima Fatih" }],
  date: "01/30/2026",
};

To find the statement that is **definitely false**, we need to compare each option with the information presented in the text. The text outlines two main paths:
1.  Students who **drop out** <InlineMath math="\rightarrow" /> start working to earn money.
2.  Students who **do not drop out** <InlineMath math="\rightarrow" /> continue to higher education at universities and tend to live prosperously.

The statement that **"Students who continue to higher education are students who belong to the dropout category"** directly contradicts the information above. The text explicitly associates "continuing to higher education" with students who do **not** drop out. Therefore, claiming that university students are dropouts is a clear contradiction.

The other options are statements that are true or at least consistent with the text: students who go to college are indeed not dropouts, prosperous people are usually university graduates, and dropouts work (rather than go to college).


---

## Exercise 19

### Question

export const metadata = {
  title: "Question 19",
  authors: [{ name: "Nabil Akbarazzima Fatih" }],
  date: "01/30/2026",
};

A states, "Mango trees planted in the rainy season produce more mangoes than mango trees planted in the dry season."

B states, "Mango trees given manure produce more fruit than mango trees given compost."

A survey of several farmers shows that mango tree productivity increases when using manure.

Which of the following statements is most appropriate regarding the survey?


### Choices

- [ ] Strengthens statement A
- [ ] Weakens statement A
- [x] Strengthens statement B
- [ ] Weakens statement B
- [ ] Irrelevant to statements A and B

### Answer & Explanation

export const metadata = {
  title: "Explanation for Question 19",
  authors: [{ name: "Nabil Akbarazzima Fatih" }],
  date: "01/30/2026",
};

To determine the relationship between the survey results and statements A and B, we need to identify the main topic of each statement:

*   **Statement A** discusses the effect of **seasons** (rainy vs. dry) on harvest yield.
*   **Statement B** discusses the effect of **fertilizer type** (manure vs. compost) on harvest yield.

The survey specifically states that **"mango tree productivity increases when using manure"**.

This fact directly supports the claim in statement B that says using manure produces more fruit. Since the survey results align with and prove the validity of argument B, the survey serves to **strengthen statement B**. The survey does not discuss seasons, so it is irrelevant to statement A.


---

## Exercise 20

### Question

export const metadata = {
  title: "Question 20",
  authors: [{ name: "Nabil Akbarazzima Fatih" }],
  date: "01/30/2026",
};

Overseas education scholarships will be awarded by School A if the student has excellent grades, has no record of misconduct, and is approved by <InlineMath math="70\%" /> of the teachers. Ali is a student at School A who has excellent grades and is only approved by <InlineMath math="50\%" /> of the teachers.

The conclusion based on this information is that Ali is not eligible for the overseas education scholarship awarded by School A.

Which of the following statements describes the quality of this conclusion?


### Choices

- [x] The conclusion is definitely true.
- [ ] The conclusion is possibly true.
- [ ] The conclusion is definitely false.
- [ ] The conclusion is irrelevant to the information provided
- [ ] The conclusion cannot be evaluated because there is insufficient information.

### Answer & Explanation

export const metadata = {
  title: "Explanation for Question 20",
  authors: [{ name: "Nabil Akbarazzima Fatih" }],
  date: "01/30/2026",
};

Based on the information in the passage, School A sets three absolute requirements for students to receive an overseas scholarship:
1.  Have excellent grades.
2.  Have no record of misconduct.
3.  Be approved by at least <InlineMath math="70\%" /> of the teachers.

Ali meets the requirement for excellent grades, but he is **only approved by <InlineMath math="50\%" /> of the teachers**.

Since one requirement is not met (the percentage of teacher approval is less than <InlineMath math="70\%" />), Ali automatically does not meet the criteria to receive the scholarship. Therefore, the conclusion stating that Ali is not eligible for the scholarship is **definitely true**.


---