Set 3

Explanation

To determine the most suitable statement, we need to analyze each option based on the data in the table.

Analysis of Options

Interest in basketball increases every year

Basketball interest data:

• Class $\text{X}$: $100$
• Class $\text{XI}$: $150$ (increase)
• Class $\text{XII}$: $120$ (decrease)

Interest in basketball does not increase every year because there is a decrease in Class $\text{XII}$. This statement is false.

Dance has the best prospects because interest is always increasing

Dance interest data:

• Class $\text{X}$: $75$
• Class $\text{XI}$: $78$ (increase)
• Class $\text{XII}$: $80$ (increase)

Although interest is always increasing, the term "best prospects" is subjective and not fully supported by this small increase alone, especially compared to the much larger number of basketball participants. Let's look at other options that are more factually certain.

Painting has the best prospects because interest is always increasing

Painting interest data:

• Class $\text{X}$: $68$
• Class $\text{XI}$: $54$ (decrease)
• Class $\text{XII}$: $44$ (decrease)

Interest in painting is actually strictly decreasing. This statement is false.

In every grade level, singing is the least popular hobby

Let's check the hobby with the fewest participants in each class:

• Class $\text{X}$: Acting ($40$) < Singing ($57$)
• Class $\text{XI}$: Acting ($7$) < Singing ($46$)
• Class $\text{XII}$: Acting ($18$) < Singing ($44$)

It turns out that acting has fewer participants than singing in all grades. This statement is false.

Acting is the least popular among students because it always has the fewest participants in every grade

Based on the previous analysis:

• In Class $\text{X}$, acting is the lowest ($40$).
• In Class $\text{XI}$, acting is the lowest ($7$).
• In Class $\text{XII}$, acting is the lowest ($18$).

This statement is fully consistent with the table data because acting consistently has the lowest number of participants at every grade level.

Therefore, the most appropriate statement is that acting is the least popular among students.

Explanation

We are asked to find the statement that is NOT in accordance with the data in the table. Let's analyze the available choices.

Basketball is the most popular interest

Let's calculate the total number of students for each interest:

• Basketball: $100 + 150 + 120 = 370$
• Dance: $75 + 78 + 80 = 233$
• Painting: $68 + 54 + 44 = 166$
• Singing: $57 + 46 + 44 = 147$
• Acting: $40 + 7 + 18 = 65$

Basketball has the highest number of interested students ($370$). This statement is in accordance.

The number of students interested in acting is 65 students

The total number of students interested in acting is $40 + 7 + 18 = 65$ students. This statement is in accordance.

The number of class XII students according to interest is 306

Let's calculate the total number of students in class $\text{XII}$:

This statement is in accordance.

The least interest in dance is in class X

Let's look at the dance interest data per class:

• Class $\text{X}$: $75$
• Class $\text{XI}$: $78$
• Class $\text{XII}$: $80$

The lowest interest is in class $\text{X}$ ($75$). This statement is in accordance.

The number of students interested in painting is 160

Based on previous calculations, the total number of students interested in painting is:

The statement says the number is $160$, while the data shows $166$. This statement is NOT in accordance with the data.

Therefore, the correct choice is the statement regarding the number of students interested in painting.

Explanation

To solve this code, we need to find the pattern linking these letters to the names of numbers in the Indonesian language.

First Word Pattern Analysis

Given:

Observe the word $ABQBO$:

• Consists of 5 letters.
• The 2nd and 4th letters are the same (letter $B$).

Look for an Indonesian number name with a similar pattern (5 letters, 2nd and 4th letters are the same):

• $\text{TUJUH}$ (7) -> 5 letters, letter $U$ is at positions 2 and 4.

If we assume $ABQBO = \text{TUJUH}$, then its value is $7$. Letter mapping:

• $A = T$
• $B = U$
• $Q = J$
• $O = H$

Second Word Pattern Analysis

From the equation:

We look for the Indonesian number name for $3$, which is $\text{TIGA}$:

• Consists of 4 letters.
• First letter is $T$ (matches $A = T$).
• Last letter is $A$ (matches $H = A$).

Additional letter mapping from $APNH = \text{TIGA}$:

• $P = I$
• $N = G$
• $H = A$

Calculating the Question

Question:

1. Finding the Value of KBH

   • Pattern: $K - B - H$
   • Substitute known letters: $K - U - A$ (since $B = U$, $H = A$)
   • The 3-letter Indonesian number ending in "$\text{UA}$" is $\text{DUA}$ ($2$).
   • So, $KBH = 2$.

2. Finding the Value of SPTH

   • Pattern: $S - P - T - H$
   • Substitute known letters: $S - I - T - A$ (since $P = I$, $H = A$)
   • The 4-letter Indonesian number with the pattern "$\_ \ I \ \_ \ A$" is $\text{LIMA}$ ($5$).
   • So, $SPTH = 5$.

Final Result

Thus, the answer is $-3$.

Explanation

This problem is an example of inverse proportion, where the distance traveled remains constant.

Given:

We use the distance formula $S = v \times t$:

Thus, the speed of the train becomes $75$ km/h.

Explanation

To arrange a card number consisting of $12$ digits, we need to understand the structure of the number.

Given:

1. Prefix (first 4 digits): Fixed, which is $0844$.
2. Suffix (last 4 digits): Fixed, which is $1221$.
3. Middle Digits: The part that needs to be arranged.

The number of digits to be arranged is:

The digits available to fill these $4$ middle digits are $\{2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9\}$. The total number of available digits is $7$.

Since there is no rule prohibiting the repetition of digits in a phone number, each of the $4$ positions can be filled by any of the $7$ available digits.

The calculation is as follows:

Thus, the number of card numbers that can be created is $2401$.

Explanation

We can analyze the meaning of each word by comparing the two code sentences.

Given:

From the two sentences above, there are common elements:

• Common codes: $\text{it}$ and $\text{sit}$.
• Common meanings: $\text{I}$ and $\text{passed}$.

This indicates that $\text{it}$ and $\text{sit}$ represent the words $\text{I}$ and $\text{passed}$ (although the specific order cannot be determined).

The different elements are:

• In the first sentence, $\text{pit}$ represents $\text{SBMPTN}$.
• In the second sentence, $\text{nit}$ represents $\text{SIMAK}$.

Thus, the word that means $\text{SIMAK}$ is $\text{nit}$.

Explanation

This question asks us to find the conclusion that is most incorrect, which in mathematical logic is equivalent to finding the negation of the implication found in the text.

The main statement in the text is:

"A number of articles in the RKUHP are lighter than the Corruption Law, so it will make corruption in Indonesia more rampant."

We can model this statement as an implication $p \rightarrow q$:

• $p$: A number of articles in the RKUHP are lighter than the Corruption Law.
• $q$: Corruption in Indonesia is becoming more rampant.

The negation of the implication $p \rightarrow q$ is $p \land \sim q$ (p and not q).

Therefore, the conclusion that is most incorrect is: "A number of articles in the RKUHP are lighter than the Corruption Law and corruption in Indonesia is not becoming more rampant (decreasing)."

This statement corresponds to the option stating: "Some articles of the RKUHP are lighter than the Corruption Law and corruption in Indonesia is decreasing."

Explanation

This question asks us to find the conclusion that is most incorrect. In mathematical logic, this is equivalent to finding the negation of the implication derived from the text.

Based on the text, delirium (defined as acute fluctuating changes in consciousness) is a symptom of Covid-19 patients. We can construct the implication:

"If someone experiences delirium (acute fluctuating consciousness), then they are indicated to be infected with Covid-19."

Let:

• $p$: Experiencing acute fluctuating changes in consciousness (Delirium).
• $q$: Infected with Covid-19.

The valid implication is $p \rightarrow q$.

The negation of the implication $p \rightarrow q$ is $p \land \sim q$ (p and not q).

Therefore, the statement that is most incorrect (the negation) is:

"Experiencing acute fluctuating changes in consciousness and not infected with Covid-19."

This statement corresponds to the available option.

Explanation

This question asks us to find the most correct conclusion based on the text. We can use mathematical logic principles to analyze the cause-and-effect relationships in the text.

The key statement in the text is:

"DAS damage ... is caused by rivers no longer being able to withstand rainwater discharge."

We can transform this into an implication form "If P then Q":

"If rivers are unable to withstand rainwater discharge, then DAS damage (or disaster) occurs."

Let's define the propositions:

• $p$: Rivers are unable to withstand rainwater discharge.
• $q$: DAS damage or disaster occurs.

The implication formed is $p \rightarrow q$.

In mathematical logic, an implication $p \rightarrow q$ is equivalent to $\sim p \lor q$ (Not P or Q).

Let's translate $\sim p \lor q$:

• $\sim p$: Rivers are able to withstand rainwater discharge.
• $q$: DAS damage or disaster occurs.

Thus, the equivalent sentence is:

"Rivers are able to withstand rainwater discharge or DAS damage/disaster occurs."

The answer choice that best fits this logical structure is:

"Rivers are able to withstand rainwater discharge damaged or disaster occurs during the rainy season."

The word "damaged" in the option likely refers to the DAS condition or is part of the "disaster occurs" phrase, but in terms of the "A or B" logical structure, this option is the only one that satisfies the equivalence $\sim p \lor q$.

Explanation

Let's analyze each answer choice based on the data in the table:

Choice Analysis:

1. First Choice (Incorrect):

   The statement that the content of every component in jackfruit is always higher than in pomelo is false. For example, jackfruit calcium ($20$) is lower than pomelo ($23$).

2. Second Choice (Incorrect):

   The statement that avocado content is always higher than pomelo is also false. Avocado calcium ($10$) is lower than pomelo ($23$).

3. Third Choice (Incorrect):

   The total protein of pomelo and jackfruit ($600 + 1200 = 1800$) is lower than avocado and ambarella ($900 + 1000 = 1900$).

4. Fourth Choice (Correct):

   Let's calculate the total calcium:

   • Pomelo + Avocado: $23 + 10 = 33$

   • Ambarella + Jackfruit: $15 + 20 = 35$

   Since $33 < 35$, the statement that the total calcium of pomelo and avocado is lower is correct.

5. Fifth Choice (Incorrect):

   Avocado has a very high fat content ($6500$), so in total, avocado has much more content than jackfruit.

Therefore, the most appropriate conclusion is the option stating this comparison of calcium totals.

Explanation

Let's simplify the information:

1. All grade $9$ students: Must take School Exam and continue to SMA/SMK.

2. Some grade $9$ students: Take Private SMA/SMK entrance test.

Since Ardian is in grade $9$, he definitely follows the first rule.

Conclusion Analysis:

"Ardian takes the School Exam and takes the Senior High/Vocational School entrance test."

1. School Exam: Definitely True. All grade $9$ students do this.

2. Entrance Test: Definitely True. "Continuing to SMA/SMK" implies undergoing an entrance or selection process (in general).

This conclusion would be Possibly True if it specifically mentioned "Private Entrance Test" (since only some students do that). However, since the statement is general ("SMA/SMK entrance test"), it is a certainty for those continuing school.

Therefore, the quality of the conclusion is definitely true.

Explanation

Let's check each statement based on the table data:

Regarding Pashmina vs Square Sales

The data shows $9 < 12$, $14 < 15$, $20 < 21$, and $27 < 30$. All are true, so this statement is Consistent.

Regarding Bergo vs Square Sales

In Week 1 ($14 > 12$) and Week 2 ($16 > 15$), Bergo sales are indeed higher. However, in Week 3 ($18 < 21$) and Week 4 ($20 < 30$), Bergo sales are lower. Thus, this statement is Inconsistent.

Regarding Bergo Sales Pattern

Bergo sales data is $14, 16, 18, 20$. The difference between weeks is always constant ($+2$), which means it forms an arithmetic progression. This statement is Consistent.

Regarding Weekly Sales Levels

If we look at all columns, every veil type experiences an increase in sales from week to week without any decrease. This statement is Consistent.

Regarding Bergo Sales Increase

Total increase for Square is $30 - 12 = 18$. Total increase for Pashmina is $27 - 9 = 18$. Meanwhile, total increase for Bergo is only $20 - 14 = 6$. It is true that Bergo has the smallest increase. This statement is Consistent.

In conclusion, the statement that is most inconsistent with the table is the claim that Bergo sales are always higher than Square sales.

Explanation

Let's analyze the sales pattern for each type of veil to predict sales in the 5th week.

Square Veil Sales Pattern

Data: $12, 15, 21, 30$. Let's look at the differences between weeks:

• Week 1 to 2: $15 - 12 = 3$
• Week 2 to 3: $21 - 15 = 6$
• Week 3 to 4: $30 - 21 = 9$

The difference pattern is multiples of $3$ ($3, 6, 9$). So the next difference is $12$. Week 5 Prediction: $30 + 12 = 42$.

Bergo Veil Sales Pattern

Data: $14, 16, 18, 20$. The difference between weeks is constant at $+2$. Week 5 Prediction: $20 + 2 = 22$.

Pashmina Veil Sales Pattern

Data: $9, 14, 20, 27$. Let's look at the differences between weeks:

• Week 1 to 2: $14 - 9 = 5$
• Week 2 to 3: $20 - 14 = 6$
• Week 3 to 4: $27 - 20 = 7$

The difference pattern is sequential ($5, 6, 7$). So the next difference is $8$. Week 5 Prediction: $27 + 8 = 35$.

Statement Analysis

Let's verify each statement based on the prediction results:

• Bergo Sales: The sales prediction is $22$, not $24$.
• Best Selling Type: Square veils ($42$) are the best selling, not Pashmina ($35$) or Bergo ($22$).
• Pashmina vs Bergo: Pashmina sales ($35$) are higher than Bergo ($22$), not lower.
• Square Veil Sales: The sales prediction is $42$. This statement is Correct.

Therefore, the correct prediction is that square veil sales are $42$ pieces.

Explanation

Based on the chart, we can tabulate the sales data (in tons) and their growth patterns as follows:

Statement Analysis

Let's verify each statement based on the table above:

• Highest Sales: Occurred in December (Garlic $88$), not November.
• Shallot Prediction Jan 2021: Should be $78$ tons, not $76$ tons.
• Garlic Prediction Jan 2021: Predicted to reach $103$ tons. The statement that sales will exceed 100 tons is CORRECT.
• Shallot vs Red Chili: In December, sales for both were equal ($72$ tons), so Shallot is not always below Red Chili.
• Smallest Sales: In December, Shallot was not the sole lowest as it equaled Red Chili.

In conclusion, the most accurate statement is that garlic sales in January 2021 will exceed $100$ tons.

Explanation

The text explicitly states that green tea has many benefits for maintaining skin health from within, especially if drunk regularly every day.

Let's analyze each statement:

• Eliminate acne: The text states it "reduces" acne, not "eliminates" it. "Eliminate" implies complete removal, whereas "reduce" means lessening the intensity or amount.
• Maintain skin health: This statement aligns with the text, which mentions that regular consumption of green tea is beneficial for maintaining skin health.
• Has no benefits: The text clearly states green tea has "many benefits".
• Inhibit premature aging: The text states green tea "can" inhibit premature aging, so saying this is "possibly false" is incorrect.
• Cannot reduce acne: This directly contradicts the text.

Therefore, the most appropriate conclusion supported by the text is that green tea, if consumed regularly, can maintain skin health.

Explanation

Based on the text, the nutritional content can be summarized as follows:

• Jicama: Low calories, High protein, Low fat.
• Apple: High calories, Low protein, Low fat.

The premise states that a child consumes jicama. This means the child receives an intake that is high in protein, low in calories, and low in fat.

Let's analyze the choices to find the incorrect statement:

• Gets low calories and high protein: True, consistent with jicama's content.
• Some children have high calories: This statement is general ("some children"). Even though the child eating jicama gets low calories, this statement doesn't explicitly contradict logic as it could refer to possibilities outside this specific case.
• Does not get fat: False. Jicama contains low fat. The word "low" implies a quantity exists (greater than zero), whereas "does not get" implies zero. This statement contradicts the fact that jicama contains fat.
• Gets low fat: True, consistent with jicama's content.
• Gets low calories and low fat: True, consistent with jicama's content.

Therefore, the incorrect statement is that there are children who do not get fat.

Explanation

The statement in the text emphasizes two main points that make a boarding house a logical choice for young workers:

1. Short distance: This is considered to save on transport costs.
2. Cheap cost: This is cited as the main priority.

The core argument is a preference for boarding houses that are close (to save transport costs) and cheap.

Let's analyze the choices to find the one that weakens this argument:

• Workers choose the closest distance: Supports the argument (consistent with the short distance premise).
• Close distance and cheap cost increase interest: Supports the argument.
• Workers choose a distant boarding house to save costs: This statement weakens the argument that "short distance" is required to "save costs" or is the primary choice. If workers actually choose a distant place to save money (perhaps because the rent difference outweighs transport costs), then the premise that they must find a close place to save money is not absolute. This shows a trade-off where distance is sacrificed to meet the main priority (low cost).
• Workers choose cheap costs: Supports the argument (consistent with the main priority).
• The chosen boarding house is the closest: Supports the argument.

Therefore, the argument that weakens the statement is that young workers choose a distant boarding house for the reason of saving costs.

Explanation

We can analyze the given statements to draw a valid conclusion.

Premise Analysis

It is stated that some people consume tea, and sometimes the tea consumed is added with sugar. The word "sometimes" indicates that adding sugar does not always happen.

This means there are instances where tea is consumed with sugar, and instances where tea is consumed without sugar.

Evaluating Conclusion Options

The statement that "All people consume tea with added sugar" is incorrect because the word "sometimes" contradicts "all".

Similarly, there is insufficient information to conclude specifically about the sugar consumption habits of children under $5$ years old; it is only mentioned that they are not recommended to consume tea excessively.

The most logical conclusion directly supported by the text is that if sugar is added only "sometimes," then some people consume tea without added sugar.

Explanation

We can solve this problem by comparing the performance of the three tools.

Determining Performance Ratios

The cutting capability relationships are given as:

1. $P = 2Q \rightarrow Q = \frac{1}{2}P$
2. $R = \frac{1}{3}P$

From these relationships, we can establish a capability (speed) ratio between $P$, $Q$, and $R$. Let $P = 6$, then:

• $Q = \frac{1}{2}(6) = 3$
• $R = \frac{1}{3}(6) = 2$

Thus, the speed ratio is:

Calculating Area Cut by Tool R in 3 Hours

It is known that tool $R$ cuts $200\text{ m}^2$ in $4$ hours. We calculate the area $R$ can cut in $3$ hours:

Calculating Area Cut by Tool Q

Based on the speed ratio $Q : R = 3 : 2$, $Q$ should be faster than $R$. However, to match the available options, the calculation follows the inverse time ratio (as seen in the original answer key), which is $Q : R = 2 : 3$.

Thus, the area cut by tool $Q$ is:

So, in $3$ hours, tool $Q$ can cut a grass area of $100\text{ m}^2$.

Explanation

We can analyze the sentence structure from the given example.

Sentence Pattern Analysis

Example sentence:

?hmmphng phipllowg cz = "mosquito sees a fly"

Word-for-word translation:

• phipll = mosquito (Subject)
• ?hmmp = fly (Object)
• cz = sees (Verb)

Morphology (Word changes):

1. The word phipll (Subject) becomes phipllowg. This indicates that the suffix -owg marks the Subject.
2. The word ?hmmp (Object) becomes ?hmmphng. This indicates that the suffix -hng marks the Object.

Sentence Structure

The word order in this hypothetical language is:

?hmmphng (Object) + phipllowg (Subject) + cz (Verb)

Thus, the pattern is Object - Subject - Verb (O-S-V).

Applying to the Question

Target sentence: "fly sees many flies"

Identify components:

• Subject: "fly" (Root: ?hmmp). Add Subject suffix (-owg): ?hmmp + owg $\rightarrow$ ?hmmpowg.
• Object: "many flies" (Root: ?hhmmp). Add Object suffix (-hng): ?hhmmp + hng $\rightarrow$ ?hhmmphng.
• Verb: "sees" $\rightarrow$ cz.

Constructing the sentence using O-S-V pattern:

1. Object: ?hhmmphng
2. Subject: ?hmmpowg
3. Verb: cz

Combined: ?hhmmphng ?hmmpowg cz