Question 20

Explanation

We can analyze the sentence structure from the given example.

Sentence Pattern Analysis

Example sentence:

?hmmphng phipllowg cz = "mosquito sees a fly"

Word-for-word translation:

• phipll = mosquito (Subject)
• ?hmmp = fly (Object)
• cz = sees (Verb)

Morphology (Word changes):

1. The word phipll (Subject) becomes phipllowg. This indicates that the suffix -owg marks the Subject.
2. The word ?hmmp (Object) becomes ?hmmphng. This indicates that the suffix -hng marks the Object.

Sentence Structure

The word order in this hypothetical language is:

?hmmphng (Object) + phipllowg (Subject) + cz (Verb)

Thus, the pattern is Object - Subject - Verb (O-S-V).

Applying to the Question

Target sentence: "fly sees many flies"

Identify components:

• Subject: "fly" (Root: ?hmmp). Add Subject suffix (-owg): ?hmmp + owg $\rightarrow$ ?hmmpowg.
• Object: "many flies" (Root: ?hhmmp). Add Object suffix (-hng): ?hhmmp + hng $\rightarrow$ ?hhmmphng.
• Verb: "sees" $\rightarrow$ cz.

Constructing the sentence using O-S-V pattern:

1. Object: ?hhmmphng
2. Subject: ?hmmpowg
3. Verb: cz

Combined: ?hhmmphng ?hmmpowg cz