Question 4

Explanation

To draw a valid conclusion from the text, we need to identify the explicitly stated cause-and-effect relationships. Let's define the key statements:

• $P$: Without proper supervision (parents do not provide proper supervision).
• $Q$: Mobile phones will have a negative impact on child development.
• $R$: Disruption of the child's brain growth (specific consequence of the negative impact).

Based on the text, the logical flow is sequential: "Without proper supervision ($P$), mobile phones will have a negative impact ($Q$), especially disrupting the child's brain growth ($R$)."

Mathematically, this can be written as a chain implication:

The question asks for the conclusion if condition $P$ occurs ("if parents do not provide proper supervision"). Using the Modus Ponens rule (or direct inference on the implication chain), if the initial cause ($P$) happens, then the final effect ($R$) must occur.

Therefore, the conclusion is $R$, which is "Mobile phones will cause disruption to the child's brain growth".