Set 9

Explanation

To determine the number of students on the 7th day, let's analyze the pattern of library visitors over the six days.

Visitor data: $120, 123, 121, 124, 122, 125$.

Pattern Analysis

Let's observe the difference between each consecutive term:

The addition pattern repeats alternately: $+3, -2, +3, -2, +3$.

Based on this pattern, the next step is $-2$.

Calculation

The number of students on the 7th day is:

Conclusion

Therefore, the number of students visiting the library on the 7th day is estimated to be $123$ students.

Explanation

The correct answer is the statement:

"If climate change does not occur, then there is no impact on changes in food production or human health"

This statement is NOT TRUE because it contains a logical fallacy.

Logical Analysis:

The text states that climate change ($P$) causes impacts on food/health ($Q$). Logically: $P \rightarrow Q$.

The statement above reverses this logic (inverse): if there is no climate change ($\sim P$), then there is no impact ($\sim Q$).

This is incorrect because an implication is not equivalent to its inverse. Something else (other than climate change) could still cause those impacts.

Meanwhile, the other options are TRUE as they correspond directly to information explicitly stated in the text.

Explanation

The correct answer is the statement:

"If plant pests do not increase then the temperature rise due to climate change did not occur"

This statement is TRUE based on the logical principle of Modus Tollens (Contrapositive).

Logical Analysis:

Based on paragraph 2, there is an implication statement (cause-and-effect): "Temperature increases due to climate change tend to increase plant pests."

Let's symbolize this:

• $P$ = Temperature rise due to climate change occurs.
• $Q$ = Plant pests increase.

The logical form is: $P \rightarrow Q$.

In mathematical logic, an implication $P \rightarrow Q$ is equivalent to its contrapositive, which is $\sim Q \rightarrow \sim P$.

This means: "If plant pests do not increase ($\sim Q$), then the temperature rise due to climate change did not occur ($\sim P$)."

This choice matches the contrapositive form, so it is logically TRUE.

Meanwhile, the other options contain logical fallacies such as the inverse ($\sim P \rightarrow \sim Q$) or converse ($Q \rightarrow P$) which are not necessarily true.

Explanation

The correct answer is the statement:

"If fish in the tropics do not move towards the poles to find a cooler place then there is no rise in ocean temperature"

This statement is TRUE based on the logical principle of Modus Tollens (Contrapositive).

Logical Analysis:

Based on paragraph 3, there is an implication statement (cause-and-effect): "Rising ocean temperatures cause fish in tropical regions to move towards the poles to find cooler places."

Let's symbolize this:

• $P$ = Rising ocean temperatures occur.
• $Q$ = Fish in tropical regions move towards the poles.

The logical form is: $P \rightarrow Q$.

In mathematical logic, an implication $P \rightarrow Q$ is equivalent to its contrapositive, which is $\sim Q \rightarrow \sim P$.

This means: "If fish in tropical regions do not move towards the poles ($\sim Q$), then rising ocean temperatures did not occur ($\sim P$)."

This choice matches the contrapositive form, so it is logically TRUE.

Meanwhile, the other options contain logical fallacies such as the inverse ($\sim P \rightarrow \sim Q$) or converse ($Q \rightarrow P$) which are not necessarily true.

Explanation

The statement that is DEFINITELY FALSE is:

"Prone sleeping only has bad impacts for someone who has snoring problems during sleep."

This statement directly contradicts the information in the text. The text explicitly states that prone sleeping can reduce snoring because it prevents the tongue from blocking the airway.

This is a benefit (good impact) for people who snore. Therefore, claiming that this position only has bad impacts is false, as there is a positive impact explicitly mentioned.

Explanation

The most appropriate answer is Irrelevant to statements A and B.

To determine the relationship between the data and the statements, let's break down the main topic of each point:

1. Statement A: Discusses environmental conditions (high air pollution & clean water).
2. Statement B: Discusses industrial activities causing river pollution.
3. Data: Discusses the increase in public transportation usage caused by economic factors (price) and accessibility.

Relevance Analysis:

The presented data only explains transportation trends and their direct causes (price & access). This data does not provide information regarding the impact of transportation on air pollution (whether it decreases or increases) or river conditions.

Therefore, the data stands alone and has no direct causal relationship that strengthens or weakens the environmental conditions mentioned in A or the industrial activities in B.

Conclusion: The transportation data discusses a different topic (economic/social) compared to statements A and B (environmental/industrial), so it is considered irrelevant.

Explanation

Based on the information in the reading, the best time to visit Bromo is only during the dry season in May and June.

This means, if currently it is February (not May or June), then currently is not the best time to visit the Bromo Area.

So, the conclusion that currently is not the best time to visit the Bromo Tourism Area is definitely true.

Explanation

Based on the conditions described in the reading, the requirements to be recommended as a people's representative in city A are:

1. Must have completed a bachelor's degree.
2. Must be committed to the welfare of the people.

Facts about Surya currently:

• Has a commitment to the welfare of the people (Meets requirement 2).
• Has not yet completed a bachelor's degree (Does not meet requirement 1).

Because Surya does not meet one of the absolute requirements (not yet a bachelor), he does not meet the qualifications to be recommended.

So, the conclusion that Surya is definitely recommended as a people's representative in city A is definitely false.

Explanation

To find the highest percentage of graduates, we must compare the number of students who passed with the total number of students (passed + failed) in each class, then multiply by 100%.

Class A

Class B

Class C

Class D

Class E

Based on these calculations, the class with the highest percentage of graduates is Class C with 80%.

So, the correct answer is Class C.

Explanation

To find the class with the largest number of students, we need to sum the number of students who passed and those who failed in each class.

Class A

Class B

Class C

Class D

Class E

Based on these calculations, the class with the largest number of students is Class D with a total of 50 students.

So, the correct answer is Class D.

Explanation

Based on the information in the text, we can set up the mathematical equations as follows:

1. The total number of votes is $100,000$.
2. Candidate $A$ received half the votes of Candidate $B$, so $A = \frac{1}{2}B$ or $B = 2A$.
3. Candidate $C$ received $10,000$ votes.

We can calculate the votes received by Candidate $A$ using the total votes equation:

Substitute $B = 2A$ and $C = 10,000$ into the equation:

So, Candidate $A$ received $30$ thousand votes.

Explanation

Based on the information in the text, we can set up the mathematical equations as follows:

1. The total number of votes is $100,000$.
2. Candidate $A$ received half the votes of Candidate $B$, so $A = \frac{1}{2}B$.
3. Candidate $C$ received $10,000$ votes.

We can calculate the votes received by Candidate $B$ using the total votes equation:

Substitute $A = \frac{1}{2}B$ and $C = 10,000$ into the equation:

So, Candidate $B$ received $60$ thousand votes.

Explanation

The number sequence follows a combination of two alternating addition patterns. Observing the differences between terms reveals a repeating cycle:

The pattern consists of two groups of differences:

1. First group: $+2$, $+4$, $+6$
2. Second group: $+1$, $+3$, $+5$

After the term $36$, the cycle returns to the second group pattern, starting with $+1$.

Thus, the next term is:

Therefore, the correct number to complete the sequence is $37$.

Explanation

This sequence follows the Fibonacci pattern, where each term (starting from the third term) is the sum of the two preceding terms. Let's check the pattern:

To find the next term after $39$, we add the last two known terms:

We can verify this result by calculating the subsequent terms:

Both verification results match the final terms in the given sequence.

Thus, the correct number to complete the sequence is $63$.

Explanation

Based on the text, it is stated that "Receding floodwaters can create stagnant water pools, which become perfect breeding grounds for mosquitoes, which can transmit malaria".

This implies a direct causal relationship: the more stagnant water pools (due to receding floods), the more breeding grounds for mosquitoes, and consequently, the higher the potential for malaria transmission.

The option stating that "the more stagnant water pools... the lower the potential for malaria" clearly contradicts the logic of the text. Therefore, this statement is NOT TRUE.

Explanation

Based on the information in paragraph 1, it is clearly stated that "These floods transport important nutrients, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and organic matter, to the surrounding soil."

This sentence directly supports the statement that seasonal floods transport many important nutrients to the surrounding soil. The other options are incorrect because:

• Nitrogen and phosphorus are described as "important nutrients," not harmful ones.
• Organic matter is not stated to be obtainable "only" during floods (the word "only" makes it false).
• The soil's need for man-made floods is not discussed.
• Soil fertility is not limited to "only" occurring during the flood season.

Therefore, the true statement according to paragraph 1 is that seasonal floods transport important nutrients.

Explanation

Based on the information in paragraph 2, specifically the last sentence, it is stated that:

"Ancient civilizations first appeared along river deltas that flooded seasonally, such as the Nile River in Egypt, because they provided fertile soil for agricultural land."

This statement clearly implies a causal relationship: seasonal floods in the Nile River caused the soil to become fertile, which then supported agricultural land.

Therefore, the claim that "The fertility of agricultural land in the Nile River delta is not affected by seasonal floods" is false and directly contradicts the information in the text. The other options are true statements according to the passage.

Explanation

To find the statement that is definitely false, we need to compare each option with the information presented in the text. The text outlines two main paths:

1. Students who drop out $\rightarrow$ start working to earn money.
2. Students who do not drop out $\rightarrow$ continue to higher education at universities and tend to live prosperously.

The statement that "Students who continue to higher education are students who belong to the dropout category" directly contradicts the information above. The text explicitly associates "continuing to higher education" with students who do not drop out. Therefore, claiming that university students are dropouts is a clear contradiction.

The other options are statements that are true or at least consistent with the text: students who go to college are indeed not dropouts, prosperous people are usually university graduates, and dropouts work (rather than go to college).

Explanation

To determine the relationship between the survey results and statements A and B, we need to identify the main topic of each statement:

• Statement A discusses the effect of seasons (rainy vs. dry) on harvest yield.
• Statement B discusses the effect of fertilizer type (manure vs. compost) on harvest yield.

The survey specifically states that "mango tree productivity increases when using manure".

This fact directly supports the claim in statement B that says using manure produces more fruit. Since the survey results align with and prove the validity of argument B, the survey serves to strengthen statement B. The survey does not discuss seasons, so it is irrelevant to statement A.

Explanation

Based on the information in the passage, School A sets three absolute requirements for students to receive an overseas scholarship:

1. Have excellent grades.
2. Have no record of misconduct.
3. Be approved by at least $70\%$ of the teachers.

Ali meets the requirement for excellent grades, but he is only approved by $50\%$ of the teachers.

Since one requirement is not met (the percentage of teacher approval is less than $70\%$), Ali automatically does not meet the criteria to receive the scholarship. Therefore, the conclusion stating that Ali is not eligible for the scholarship is definitely true.