Set 1

Nowadays, our lives are practically dependent on the Information Communications Technology (ICT). Data from the Communications and Information Ministry shows that Internet users in Indonesia increased from $74$ million people in $2013$ to $111$ million in $2014$. In Indonesia, Internet burst has been mainly used for accessing social media. Indonesia ranked third among countries with the highest number of Facebook users, below the U.S and India.

The popularity of the Internet and social media unfortunately has not extended to the education sector. ICT has not become a backbone of improving the country's competitiveness through education. The Ministry of Education and Culture recorded that only about $50$ percent of the $234,919$ primary and secondary schools in Indonesia had access to the Internet in mid $2014$.

Advancement of ICT should ideally be able to revolutionize education. Technology brings new sources of learning beyond teachers. Moreover, the divide between students and subjects is further narrowed by the availability of educational content through ICT. A revolution in education is also possible through ICT as students can learn at the appropriate speed according to their capacity. Interactive digital content allows students to pick particular topics that they want to explore more. In a nutshell, there is a democratization of the learning process.

Unfortunately, it is still a long road to revolutionize education in Indonesia through ICT. In addition to building technology infrastructure across the country's island, ICT literacy for teachers, parents and students is also of importance. Without it, we are constrained from reaping the full benefits of ICT in education.

(Adapted from: thejakartapost.com)

What does the passage mainly deal with?

Nowadays, our lives are practically dependent on the Information Communications Technology (ICT). Data from the Communications and Information Ministry shows that Internet users in Indonesia increased from $74$ million people in $2013$ to $111$ million in $2014$. In Indonesia, Internet burst has been mainly used for accessing social media. Indonesia ranked third among countries with the highest number of Facebook users, below the U.S and India.

The popularity of the Internet and social media unfortunately has not extended to the education sector. ICT has not become a backbone of improving the country's competitiveness through education. The Ministry of Education and Culture recorded that only about $50$ percent of the $234,919$ primary and secondary schools in Indonesia had access to the Internet in mid $2014$.

Advancement of ICT should ideally be able to revolutionize education. Technology brings new sources of learning beyond teachers. Moreover, the divide between students and subjects is further narrowed by the availability of educational content through ICT. A revolution in education is also possible through ICT as students can learn at the appropriate speed according to their capacity. Interactive digital content allows students to pick particular topics that they want to explore more. In a nutshell, there is a democratization of the learning process.

Unfortunately, it is still a long road to revolutionize education in Indonesia through ICT. In addition to building technology infrastructure across the country's island, ICT literacy for teachers, parents and students is also of importance. Without it, we are constrained from reaping the full benefits of ICT in education.

(Adapted from: thejakartapost.com)

Based on the passage, the word burst in first paragraph means ...

Nowadays, our lives are practically dependent on the Information Communications Technology (ICT). Data from the Communications and Information Ministry shows that Internet users in Indonesia increased from $74$ million people in $2013$ to $111$ million in $2014$. In Indonesia, Internet burst has been mainly used for accessing social media. Indonesia ranked third among countries with the highest number of Facebook users, below the U.S and India.

The popularity of the Internet and social media unfortunately has not extended to the education sector. ICT has not become a backbone of improving the country's competitiveness through education. The Ministry of Education and Culture recorded that only about $50$ percent of the $234,919$ primary and secondary schools in Indonesia had access to the Internet in mid $2014$.

Advancement of ICT should ideally be able to revolutionize education. Technology brings new sources of learning beyond teachers. Moreover, the divide between students and subjects is further narrowed by the availability of educational content through ICT. A revolution in education is also possible through ICT as students can learn at the appropriate speed according to their capacity. Interactive digital content allows students to pick particular topics that they want to explore more. In a nutshell, there is a democratization of the learning process.

Unfortunately, it is still a long road to revolutionize education in Indonesia through ICT. In addition to building technology infrastructure across the country's island, ICT literacy for teachers, parents and students is also of importance. Without it, we are constrained from reaping the full benefits of ICT in education.

(Adapted from: thejakartapost.com)

What word in the passage gives the idea that technology provides students with freedom to use varied learning resources?

The integration of technology and media can enhance early childhood practice. Successful integration of technology and media into early childhood programs involves the use of resources such as computers and the Internet in daily classroom practices. True integration occurs when the use of technology and media becomes routine and transparent—when the focus of a child or educator is on the activity or exploration itself and not on the technology or media being used. Technology integration has been successful when the use of technology and media supports the goals of educators and programs for children provides children with digital tools for learning and communicating and helps improve child outcomes.

As the life of children, parents, families, and educators are infused with technology and media, early childhood classrooms can benefit from the possibilities of extending children’s learning through judicious use of these tools. As part of the overall classroom plan, technology and interactive media should be used in ways that support existing classroom developmental and educational goals rather than in ways that distort or replace them. For example, drawing on a touch screen can add to children’s graphic representational experiences; manipulating colorful acetate shapes on a light table allows children to explore color and shape.

By focusing on technology and interactive media as tools—not as ends in and of themselves—teachers can avoid the passive and potentially harmful use of non-interactive, linear screen media that is inappropriate in early childhood settings. Intentionality is a key to developmentally appropriate use.

Exciting new resources in today’s technology-rich world represent the next frontier in digital learning for our youngest citizens, leaving it to talented educators and caring adults to determine how best to leverage each new technology as an opportunity for children’s learning in ways that are developmentally appropriate.

(Adapted from: issuu.com)

How does the first sentence relate to the other sentences in paragraph 1?

The integration of technology and media can enhance early childhood practice. Successful integration of technology and media into early childhood programs involves the use of resources such as computers and the Internet in daily classroom practices. True integration occurs when the use of technology and media becomes routine and transparent—when the focus of a child or educator is on the activity or exploration itself and not on the technology or media being used. Technology integration has been successful when the use of technology and media supports the goals of educators and programs for children provides children with digital tools for learning and communicating and helps improve child outcomes.

As the life of children, parents, families, and educators are infused with technology and media, early childhood classrooms can benefit from the possibilities of extending children’s learning through judicious use of these tools. As part of the overall classroom plan, technology and interactive media should be used in ways that support existing classroom developmental and educational goals rather than in ways that distort or replace them. For example, drawing on a touch screen can add to children’s graphic representational experiences; manipulating colorful acetate shapes on a light table allows children to explore color and shape.

By focusing on technology and interactive media as tools—not as ends in and of themselves—teachers can avoid the passive and potentially harmful use of non-interactive, linear screen media that is inappropriate in early childhood settings. Intentionality is a key to developmentally appropriate use.

Exciting new resources in today’s technology-rich world represent the next frontier in digital learning for our youngest citizens, leaving it to talented educators and caring adults to determine how best to leverage each new technology as an opportunity for children’s learning in ways that are developmentally appropriate.

(Adapted from: issuu.com)

The author would apparently agree that ...

The integration of technology and media can enhance early childhood practice. Successful integration of technology and media into early childhood programs involves the use of resources such as computers and the Internet in daily classroom practices. True integration occurs when the use of technology and media becomes routine and transparent—when the focus of a child or educator is on the activity or exploration itself and not on the technology or media being used. Technology integration has been successful when the use of technology and media supports the goals of educators and programs for children provides children with digital tools for learning and communicating and helps improve child outcomes.

As the life of children, parents, families, and educators are infused with technology and media, early childhood classrooms can benefit from the possibilities of extending children’s learning through judicious use of these tools. As part of the overall classroom plan, technology and interactive media should be used in ways that support existing classroom developmental and educational goals rather than in ways that distort or replace them. For example, drawing on a touch screen can add to children’s graphic representational experiences; manipulating colorful acetate shapes on a light table allows children to explore color and shape.

By focusing on technology and interactive media as tools—not as ends in and of themselves—teachers can avoid the passive and potentially harmful use of non-interactive, linear screen media that is inappropriate in early childhood settings. Intentionality is a key to developmentally appropriate use.

Exciting new resources in today’s technology-rich world represent the next frontier in digital learning for our youngest citizens, leaving it to talented educators and caring adults to determine how best to leverage each new technology as an opportunity for children’s learning in ways that are developmentally appropriate.

(Adapted from: issuu.com)

The author holds an assumption that ...

The integration of technology and media can enhance early childhood practice. Successful integration of technology and media into early childhood programs involves the use of resources such as computers and the Internet in daily classroom practices. True integration occurs when the use of technology and media becomes routine and transparent—when the focus of a child or educator is on the activity or exploration itself and not on the technology or media being used. Technology integration has been successful when the use of technology and media supports the goals of educators and programs for children provides children with digital tools for learning and communicating and helps improve child outcomes.

As the life of children, parents, families, and educators are infused with technology and media, early childhood classrooms can benefit from the possibilities of extending children’s learning through judicious use of these tools. As part of the overall classroom plan, technology and interactive media should be used in ways that support existing classroom developmental and educational goals rather than in ways that distort or replace them. For example, drawing on a touch screen can add to children’s graphic representational experiences; manipulating colorful acetate shapes on a light table allows children to explore color and shape.

By focusing on technology and interactive media as tools—not as ends in and of themselves—teachers can avoid the passive and potentially harmful use of non-interactive, linear screen media that is inappropriate in early childhood settings. Intentionality is a key to developmentally appropriate use.

Exciting new resources in today’s technology-rich world represent the next frontier in digital learning for our youngest citizens, leaving it to talented educators and caring adults to determine how best to leverage each new technology as an opportunity for children’s learning in ways that are developmentally appropriate.

(Adapted from: issuu.com)

Which paragraph(s) explain(s) the importance of using technology and media wisely so that it can support existing classroom practice?

Most people would agree with the definition of good health as being a state where you are free from sickness. Despite this, there are many different opinions about how a person can actually have good health. People used to only think of their health when they were sick. But these days more and more people are taking measures to make sure that they do not get sick in the first place. In this article I will describe a few of the most common things that you can do to stay healthy.

One of the best things you can do for your body is exercise. But how much is enough? Not everyone agrees on exactly how much people should exercise each day. Some people think that doing simple things like cleaning the house are helpful. Other people do heavy exercise everyday such as running or swimming. One thing experts do agree on is that any kind of exercise is good for you.

Along with exercise, having a healthy diet can help promote good health. Foods like vegetables and fruits should be eaten several times each day. It is also important to eat foods high in fiber such as beans, grains, fruit and vegetables. Fiber helps your body to digest the food you eat. It also helps your body in other ways such as decreasing the chance of getting some cancers, heart disease and diabetes. Avoiding foods with a lot of sugar, salt and fat is a good idea.

In today’s modern world, we all have some level of stress in our lives. Different things cause stress for different people. Money problems, work and relationships with other people can all cause stress. Instead of trying to remove stress, people need to be aware of what causes them and find ways to reduce the impact that stress has on their lives. There are several ways to fight against stress in your life. Exercise and sports are a great way to reduce stress. Other activities like Tai Chi, yoga or taking a walk also help reduce stress. Changing the way you think can also reduce stress. Try living for now, and do not worry about the future.

(Adapted from: eslreadinglessons.com)

The author’s attitude regarding good health in the passage is ...

Most people would agree with the definition of good health as being a state where you are free from sickness. Despite this, there are many different opinions about how a person can actually have good health. People used to only think of their health when they were sick. But these days more and more people are taking measures to make sure that they do not get sick in the first place. In this article I will describe a few of the most common things that you can do to stay healthy.

One of the best things you can do for your body is exercise. But how much is enough? Not everyone agrees on exactly how much people should exercise each day. Some people think that doing simple things like cleaning the house are helpful. Other people do heavy exercise everyday such as running or swimming. One thing experts do agree on is that any kind of exercise is good for you.

Along with exercise, having a healthy diet can help promote good health. Foods like vegetables and fruits should be eaten several times each day. It is also important to eat foods high in fiber such as beans, grains, fruit and vegetables. Fiber helps your body to digest the food you eat. It also helps your body in other ways such as decreasing the chance of getting some cancers, heart disease and diabetes. Avoiding foods with a lot of sugar, salt and fat is a good idea.

In today’s modern world, we all have some level of stress in our lives. Different things cause stress for different people. Money problems, work and relationships with other people can all cause stress. Instead of trying to remove stress, people need to be aware of what causes them and find ways to reduce the impact that stress has on their lives. There are several ways to fight against stress in your life. Exercise and sports are a great way to reduce stress. Other activities like Tai Chi, yoga or taking a walk also help reduce stress. Changing the way you think can also reduce stress. Try living for now, and do not worry about the future.

(Adapted from: eslreadinglessons.com)

What topic does the paragraph following the passage most likely discuss?

Most people would agree with the definition of good health as being a state where you are free from sickness. Despite this, there are many different opinions about how a person can actually have good health. People used to only think of their health when they were sick. But these days more and more people are taking measures to make sure that they do not get sick in the first place. In this article I will describe a few of the most common things that you can do to stay healthy.

One of the best things you can do for your body is exercise. But how much is enough? Not everyone agrees on exactly how much people should exercise each day. Some people think that doing simple things like cleaning the house are helpful. Other people do heavy exercise everyday such as running or swimming. One thing experts do agree on is that any kind of exercise is good for you.

Along with exercise, having a healthy diet can help promote good health. Foods like vegetables and fruits should be eaten several times each day. It is also important to eat foods high in fiber such as beans, grains, fruit and vegetables. Fiber helps your body to digest the food you eat. It also helps your body in other ways such as decreasing the chance of getting some cancers, heart disease and diabetes. Avoiding foods with a lot of sugar, salt and fat is a good idea.

In today’s modern world, we all have some level of stress in our lives. Different things cause stress for different people. Money problems, work and relationships with other people can all cause stress. Instead of trying to remove stress, people need to be aware of what causes them and find ways to reduce the impact that stress has on their lives. There are several ways to fight against stress in your life. Exercise and sports are a great way to reduce stress. Other activities like Tai Chi, yoga or taking a walk also help reduce stress. Changing the way you think can also reduce stress. Try living for now, and do not worry about the future.

(Adapted from: eslreadinglessons.com)

What is the best summary of the passage?

UNESCO is the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. It seeks to build peace through international cooperation in Education, the Sciences and Culture. UNESCO's programs contribute to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals defined in Agenda 2030, adopted by the UN General Assembly in 2015.

Political and economic arrangements of governments are not enough to secure the lasting and sincere support of the peoples. Peace must be founded upon dialogue and mutual understanding. Peace must be built upon the intellectual and moral solidarity of humanity.

In this spirit, UNESCO develops educational tools to help people live as global citizens free of hate and intolerance. UNESCO works so that each child and citizen has access to quality education. By promoting cultural heritage and the equal dignity of all cultures, UNESCO strengthens bonds among nations. UNESCO fosters scientific programs and policies as platforms for development and cooperation. UNESCO stands up for freedom of expression, as a fundamental right and a key condition for democracy and development. Serving as a laboratory of ideas, UNESCO helps countries adopt international standards and manages programs that foster the free flow of ideas and knowledge sharing.

UNESCO's founding vision was born in response to a world war that was marked by racist and anti-Semitic violence. Seventy years on and many liberation struggles later, UNESCO’s mandate is as relevant as ever. Cultural diversity is under attack and new forms of intolerance, rejection of scientific facts and threats to freedom of expression challenge peace and human rights. In response, UNESCO's duty remains to reaffirm the humanist missions of education, science and culture.

(Adapted from: en.unesco.org)

The paragraph following the passage will most likely talk about ...

UNESCO is the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. It seeks to build peace through international cooperation in Education, the Sciences and Culture. UNESCO's programs contribute to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals defined in Agenda 2030, adopted by the UN General Assembly in 2015.

Political and economic arrangements of governments are not enough to secure the lasting and sincere support of the peoples. Peace must be founded upon dialogue and mutual understanding. Peace must be built upon the intellectual and moral solidarity of humanity.

In this spirit, UNESCO develops educational tools to help people live as global citizens free of hate and intolerance. UNESCO works so that each child and citizen has access to quality education. By promoting cultural heritage and the equal dignity of all cultures, UNESCO strengthens bonds among nations. UNESCO fosters scientific programs and policies as platforms for development and cooperation. UNESCO stands up for freedom of expression, as a fundamental right and a key condition for democracy and development. Serving as a laboratory of ideas, UNESCO helps countries adopt international standards and manages programs that foster the free flow of ideas and knowledge sharing.

UNESCO's founding vision was born in response to a world war that was marked by racist and anti-Semitic violence. Seventy years on and many liberation struggles later, UNESCO’s mandate is as relevant as ever. Cultural diversity is under attack and new forms of intolerance, rejection of scientific facts and threats to freedom of expression challenge peace and human rights. In response, UNESCO's duty remains to reaffirm the humanist missions of education, science and culture.

(Adapted from: en.unesco.org)

The ideas in the passage may be best summarized as....

UNESCO is the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. It seeks to build peace through international cooperation in Education, the Sciences and Culture. UNESCO's programs contribute to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals defined in Agenda 2030, adopted by the UN General Assembly in 2015.

Political and economic arrangements of governments are not enough to secure the lasting and sincere support of the peoples. Peace must be founded upon dialogue and mutual understanding. Peace must be built upon the intellectual and moral solidarity of humanity.

In this spirit, UNESCO develops educational tools to help people live as global citizens free of hate and intolerance. UNESCO works so that each child and citizen has access to quality education. By promoting cultural heritage and the equal dignity of all cultures, UNESCO strengthens bonds among nations. UNESCO fosters scientific programs and policies as platforms for development and cooperation. UNESCO stands up for freedom of expression, as a fundamental right and a key condition for democracy and development. Serving as a laboratory of ideas, UNESCO helps countries adopt international standards and manages programs that foster the free flow of ideas and knowledge sharing.

UNESCO's founding vision was born in response to a world war that was marked by racist and anti-Semitic violence. Seventy years on and many liberation struggles later, UNESCO’s mandate is as relevant as ever. Cultural diversity is under attack and new forms of intolerance, rejection of scientific facts and threats to freedom of expression challenge peace and human rights. In response, UNESCO's duty remains to reaffirm the humanist missions of education, science and culture.

(Adapted from: en.unesco.org)

What is the main idea of the passage?

UNESCO is the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. It seeks to build peace through international cooperation in Education, the Sciences and Culture. UNESCO's programs contribute to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals defined in Agenda 2030, adopted by the UN General Assembly in 2015.

Political and economic arrangements of governments are not enough to secure the lasting and sincere support of the peoples. Peace must be founded upon dialogue and mutual understanding. Peace must be built upon the intellectual and moral solidarity of humanity.

In this spirit, UNESCO develops educational tools to help people live as global citizens free of hate and intolerance. UNESCO works so that each child and citizen has access to quality education. By promoting cultural heritage and the equal dignity of all cultures, UNESCO strengthens bonds among nations. UNESCO fosters scientific programs and policies as platforms for development and cooperation. UNESCO stands up for freedom of expression, as a fundamental right and a key condition for democracy and development. Serving as a laboratory of ideas, UNESCO helps countries adopt international standards and manages programs that foster the free flow of ideas and knowledge sharing.

UNESCO's founding vision was born in response to a world war that was marked by racist and anti-Semitic violence. Seventy years on and many liberation struggles later, UNESCO’s mandate is as relevant as ever. Cultural diversity is under attack and new forms of intolerance, rejection of scientific facts and threats to freedom of expression challenge peace and human rights. In response, UNESCO's duty remains to reaffirm the humanist missions of education, science and culture.

(Adapted from: en.unesco.org)

The word "must" in the sentence "Peace must be built upon the intellectual and moral solidarity of humanity" shows an expression of....

UNESCO is the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. It seeks to build peace through international cooperation in Education, the Sciences and Culture. UNESCO's programs contribute to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals defined in Agenda 2030, adopted by the UN General Assembly in 2015.

Political and economic arrangements of governments are not enough to secure the lasting and sincere support of the peoples. Peace must be founded upon dialogue and mutual understanding. Peace must be built upon the intellectual and moral solidarity of humanity.

In this spirit, UNESCO develops educational tools to help people live as global citizens free of hate and intolerance. UNESCO works so that each child and citizen has access to quality education. By promoting cultural heritage and the equal dignity of all cultures, UNESCO strengthens bonds among nations. UNESCO fosters scientific programs and policies as platforms for development and cooperation. UNESCO stands up for freedom of expression, as a fundamental right and a key condition for democracy and development. Serving as a laboratory of ideas, UNESCO helps countries adopt international standards and manages programs that foster the free flow of ideas and knowledge sharing.

UNESCO's founding vision was born in response to a world war that was marked by racist and anti-Semitic violence. Seventy years on and many liberation struggles later, UNESCO’s mandate is as relevant as ever. Cultural diversity is under attack and new forms of intolerance, rejection of scientific facts and threats to freedom of expression challenge peace and human rights. In response, UNESCO's duty remains to reaffirm the humanist missions of education, science and culture.

(Adapted from: en.unesco.org)

What is the author's attitude towards the text?

Yoga is beneficial to mind and body in a myriad of ways. It can also massively improve your posture, which can help you avoid or manage a variety of problems related to the way you stand and sit. Anyone can do yoga, and you can start at any age. It’s important to find the right style of yoga for you, and also the right teacher. Some forms of yoga are more vigorous than others, and count as aerobic exercise, while others are gentler and less likely to make you sweat. Both types of yoga are beneficial for a number of reasons.

Stretching your body through yoga poses is an excellent way to improve general flexibility. While you shouldn’t expect results straight away, regular practice of yoga will mean you can reach further than you could previously, and bend in ways that previously seemed impossible. Improved flexibility can help eliminate aches and pains in your back, neck, hips or thighs and should improve your posture.

Yoga builds and tones muscles. While this is good for helping you lift your bike up the stairs, or carry your shopping, improved muscle strength also helps your body protect itself from conditions such as arthritis. Learning to balance your body and stand correctly is one of the main benefits of yoga. Improved posture will lessen any pains related to your posture (such as back, knee and neck pain) and should mean you are less likely to feel pain in the future. Improving your balance could also decrease falls and make you feel more coordinated in general life.

Like any form of exercise, yoga has been linked to decreased stress, depression anxiety. One study also showed that it was beneficial in people with schizophrenia. Those who do yoga also often report increased feelings of wellbeing, happiness and overall contentment.

As yoga can help to reduce stress, this can help to decrease common illness such as coughs and colds, as we often fall ill when we are stressed. Yoga also boosts the immune system in general by improving the flow of oxygen to certain organs and conditioning the lungs and respiratory tract to their optimal function through breathing exercises. Yoga can be beneficial in preventing diseases such as heart disease, stroke and high blood pressure, and can also help those already suffering from such diseases. One study found that even lying in corpse position was associated with a drop in blood pressure in those with hypertension when compared to simply lying on the sofa.

As with any form of exercise, yoga helps you sleep better. It can also help you relax before bedtime, and the breathing and meditation exercises you will learn in yoga can help you fall asleep quicker, and stay asleep for longer. If you sleep better, you’ll also be healthier in general and less likely to feel stressed and/or anxious. Evidence suggests that regular practice of yoga improves memory, reaction times and even IQ. This may be linked to the meditation and breathing involved in yoga, which help people to focus the mind and become less distracted by their thoughts and the outside world.

(Adapted from: forallourwellbeing.co.uk)

What is the motivation of the writer to write the passage?

Yoga is beneficial to mind and body in a myriad of ways. It can also massively improve your posture, which can help you avoid or manage a variety of problems related to the way you stand and sit. Anyone can do yoga, and you can start at any age. It’s important to find the right style of yoga for you, and also the right teacher. Some forms of yoga are more vigorous than others, and count as aerobic exercise, while others are gentler and less likely to make you sweat. Both types of yoga are beneficial for a number of reasons.

Stretching your body through yoga poses is an excellent way to improve general flexibility. While you shouldn’t expect results straight away, regular practice of yoga will mean you can reach further than you could previously, and bend in ways that previously seemed impossible. Improved flexibility can help eliminate aches and pains in your back, neck, hips or thighs and should improve your posture.

Yoga builds and tones muscles. While this is good for helping you lift your bike up the stairs, or carry your shopping, improved muscle strength also helps your body protect itself from conditions such as arthritis. Learning to balance your body and stand correctly is one of the main benefits of yoga. Improved posture will lessen any pains related to your posture (such as back, knee and neck pain) and should mean you are less likely to feel pain in the future. Improving your balance could also decrease falls and make you feel more coordinated in general life.

Like any form of exercise, yoga has been linked to decreased stress, depression anxiety. One study also showed that it was beneficial in people with schizophrenia. Those who do yoga also often report increased feelings of wellbeing, happiness and overall contentment.

As yoga can help to reduce stress, this can help to decrease common illness such as coughs and colds, as we often fall ill when we are stressed. Yoga also boosts the immune system in general by improving the flow of oxygen to certain organs and conditioning the lungs and respiratory tract to their optimal function through breathing exercises. Yoga can be beneficial in preventing diseases such as heart disease, stroke and high blood pressure, and can also help those already suffering from such diseases. One study found that even lying in corpse position was associated with a drop in blood pressure in those with hypertension when compared to simply lying on the sofa.

As with any form of exercise, yoga helps you sleep better. It can also help you relax before bedtime, and the breathing and meditation exercises you will learn in yoga can help you fall asleep quicker, and stay asleep for longer. If you sleep better, you’ll also be healthier in general and less likely to feel stressed and/or anxious. Evidence suggests that regular practice of yoga improves memory, reaction times and even IQ. This may be linked to the meditation and breathing involved in yoga, which help people to focus the mind and become less distracted by their thoughts and the outside world.

(Adapted from: forallourwellbeing.co.uk)

Which paragraph covers the benefits of yoga for patients with schizophrenia?

Yoga is beneficial to mind and body in a myriad of ways. It can also massively improve your posture, which can help you avoid or manage a variety of problems related to the way you stand and sit. Anyone can do yoga, and you can start at any age. It’s important to find the right style of yoga for you, and also the right teacher. Some forms of yoga are more vigorous than others, and count as aerobic exercise, while others are gentler and less likely to make you sweat. Both types of yoga are beneficial for a number of reasons.

Stretching your body through yoga poses is an excellent way to improve general flexibility. While you shouldn’t expect results straight away, regular practice of yoga will mean you can reach further than you could previously, and bend in ways that previously seemed impossible. Improved flexibility can help eliminate aches and pains in your back, neck, hips or thighs and should improve your posture.

Yoga builds and tones muscles. While this is good for helping you lift your bike up the stairs, or carry your shopping, improved muscle strength also helps your body protect itself from conditions such as arthritis. Learning to balance your body and stand correctly is one of the main benefits of yoga. Improved posture will lessen any pains related to your posture (such as back, knee and neck pain) and should mean you are less likely to feel pain in the future. Improving your balance could also decrease falls and make you feel more coordinated in general life.

Like any form of exercise, yoga has been linked to decreased stress, depression anxiety. One study also showed that it was beneficial in people with schizophrenia. Those who do yoga also often report increased feelings of wellbeing, happiness and overall contentment.

As yoga can help to reduce stress, this can help to decrease common illness such as coughs and colds, as we often fall ill when we are stressed. Yoga also boosts the immune system in general by improving the flow of oxygen to certain organs and conditioning the lungs and respiratory tract to their optimal function through breathing exercises. Yoga can be beneficial in preventing diseases such as heart disease, stroke and high blood pressure, and can also help those already suffering from such diseases. One study found that even lying in corpse position was associated with a drop in blood pressure in those with hypertension when compared to simply lying on the sofa.

As with any form of exercise, yoga helps you sleep better. It can also help you relax before bedtime, and the breathing and meditation exercises you will learn in yoga can help you fall asleep quicker, and stay asleep for longer. If you sleep better, you’ll also be healthier in general and less likely to feel stressed and/or anxious. Evidence suggests that regular practice of yoga improves memory, reaction times and even IQ. This may be linked to the meditation and breathing involved in yoga, which help people to focus the mind and become less distracted by their thoughts and the outside world.

(Adapted from: forallourwellbeing.co.uk)

The word "eliminate" in the second paragraph means....

A study showed that a single artisanal coral reef fishery can produce over 30,000 meals per year. Its annual economic value is more than $78,000. Ocean and coastal ecosystems bring a range of benefits to people worldwide. They provide millions of people with food and livelihood. Global and local stressors, however, threaten these services. To better understand the benefits from ocean environment, this study investigated how an artisanal fishery supports a community. This study uses a community-based approach to assess the factors affecting resource sustainability and food security in a small-scale coral reef fishery.

The study found that the small-scale Kiholo Bay fishery provides communities with large-scale benefits. “This coral reef fishery generates divers social, economic, and cultural values, which support the health and well-being of the Koholo community” said lead researcher Dr. Jack Kittinger, director of Conservation International‘s Hawai‘i program. “These benefits are likely common to coral reef fisheries across the globe, supporting key food security functions, cultural practices as well as local livelihoods.”

The results of the study suggest that similar coral reef fisheries around the world provide the people who depend on them with the same types of benefits. The survey found that 58 percent of the caught seafood is kept for home consumption, 34 percent is given away and only 8 percent sold to commercial markets. “We found that the vast majority of the catch is kept for home consumption or given away as part of cultural practices, showing the important role that this bay plays in sustaining our community” said Jenny Mitchell, a broad member of Hui Aloha Kiholo. “When Kiholo thrives, so do we”

By surveying fishermen for an entire year, researchers were able to estimate that the fishery produced more that 7,300 pounds of seafood per year for the community of people. Nearly 60% of the catch is used for subsistence, contributing to community food security. Geographic analysis of community beneficiaries showed that 20 percent of seafood procured is used for sociocultural events that are important for social cohesion.

(Adapted from conservation.org)

The sentence "Ocean and coastal ecosystems bring a range of benefits to people worldwide." in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to....

A study showed that a single artisanal coral reef fishery can produce over 30,000 meals per year. Its annual economic value is more than $78,000. Ocean and coastal ecosystems bring a range of benefits to people worldwide. They provide millions of people with food and livelihood. Global and local stressors, however, threaten these services. To better understand the benefits from ocean environment, this study investigated how an artisanal fishery supports a community. This study uses a community-based approach to assess the factors affecting resource sustainability and food security in a small-scale coral reef fishery.

The study found that the small-scale Kiholo Bay fishery provides communities with large-scale benefits. “This coral reef fishery generates divers social, economic, and cultural values, which support the health and well-being of the Koholo community” said lead researcher Dr. Jack Kittinger, director of Conservation International‘s Hawai‘i program. “These benefits are likely common to coral reef fisheries across the globe, supporting key food security functions, cultural practices as well as local livelihoods.”

The results of the study suggest that similar coral reef fisheries around the world provide the people who depend on them with the same types of benefits. The survey found that 58 percent of the caught seafood is kept for home consumption, 34 percent is given away and only 8 percent sold to commercial markets. “We found that the vast majority of the catch is kept for home consumption or given away as part of cultural practices, showing the important role that this bay plays in sustaining our community” said Jenny Mitchell, a broad member of Hui Aloha Kiholo. “When Kiholo thrives, so do we”

By surveying fishermen for an entire year, researchers were able to estimate that the fishery produced more that 7,300 pounds of seafood per year for the community of people. Nearly 60% of the catch is used for subsistence, contributing to community food security. Geographic analysis of community beneficiaries showed that 20 percent of seafood procured is used for sociocultural events that are important for social cohesion.

(Adapted from conservation.org)

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