Set 1

$(1)$ As an archipelagic country with 65 percent of its population living in coastal areas, then global warming, which results in sea-level rise, must be seen as a serious threat to Indonesia. $(2)$ Meanwhile, as an agrarian country, this nation's agricultural productiveness is also threatened by equally serious disruptions due to climate change. $(3)$ The irregularity of climate change and shifts in the beginning and end of seasons, such as the dry and rainy seasons, make it very difficult for farmers to plan planting and harvesting periods.

$(4)$ The occurrence of seasonal shifts will affect the planning of agricultural activities, so planting schedules will be disrupted, resulting in decreased production rates and even crop failure. $(5)$ After that, new sources of plant diseases, strong winds, and storms that destroy crops emerge. $(6)$ Meanwhile, excessively long dry seasons and floods during the rainy season cause agricultural productiveness to decline. $(7)$ In addition to that, the rise in the Earth's surface temperature will disrupt the life patterns of agricultural crops.

The word "that" in sentence $(7)$ refers to ...

$(1)$ As an archipelagic country with 65 percent of its population living in coastal areas, then global warming, which results in sea-level rise, must be seen as a serious threat to Indonesia. $(2)$ Meanwhile, as an agrarian country, this nation's agricultural productiveness is also threatened by equally serious disruptions due to climate change. $(3)$ The irregularity of climate change and shifts in the beginning and end of seasons, such as the dry and rainy seasons, make it very difficult for farmers to plan planting and harvesting periods.

$(4)$ The occurrence of seasonal shifts will affect the planning of agricultural activities, so planting schedules will be disrupted, resulting in decreased production rates and even crop failure. $(5)$ After that, new sources of plant diseases, strong winds, and storms that destroy crops emerge. $(6)$ Meanwhile, excessively long dry seasons and floods during the rainy season cause agricultural productiveness to decline. $(7)$ In addition, the rise in the Earth's surface temperature will disrupt the life patterns of agricultural crops.

Pay attention to the following sentence!

The impact of climate change has become a strategic issue because it can threaten a nation's national interests.

The appropriate placement for this sentence is ...

$(1)$ As an archipelagic country with 65 percent of its population living in coastal areas, then global warming, which results in sea-level rise, must be seen as a serious threat to Indonesia. $(2)$ Meanwhile, as an agrarian country, this nation's agricultural productiveness is also threatened by equally serious disruptions due to climate change. $(3)$ The irregularity of climate change and shifts in the beginning and end of seasons, such as the dry and rainy seasons, make it very difficult for farmers to plan planting and harvesting periods.

$(4)$ The occurrence of seasonal shifts will affect the planning of agricultural activities, so planting schedules will be disrupted, resulting in decreased production rates and even crop failure. $(5)$ After that, new sources of plant diseases, strong winds, and storms that destroy crops emerge. $(6)$ Meanwhile, excessively long dry seasons and floods during the rainy season cause agricultural productiveness to decline. $(7)$ In addition, the rise in the Earth's surface temperature will disrupt the life patterns of agricultural crops.

The appropriate correction for the word productiveness in sentence $(6)$ is ...

$(1)$ As an archipelagic country with 65 percent of its population living in coastal areas, then global warming, which results in sea-level rise, must be seen as a serious threat to Indonesia. $(2)$ Meanwhile, as an agrarian country, this nation's agricultural productiveness is also threatened by equally serious disruptions due to climate change. $(3)$ The irregularity of climate change and shifts in the beginning and end of seasons, such as the dry and rainy seasons, make it very difficult for farmers to plan planting and harvesting periods.

$(4)$ The occurrence of seasonal shifts will affect the planning of agricultural activities, so planting schedules will be disrupted, resulting in decreased production rates and even crop failure. $(5)$ After that, new sources of plant diseases, strong winds, and storms that destroy crops emerge. $(6)$ Meanwhile, excessively long dry seasons and floods during the rainy season cause agricultural productiveness to decline. $(7)$ In addition, the rise in the Earth's surface temperature will disrupt the life patterns of agricultural crops.

The weakness found in the text is ...

$(1)$ A sarcophagus is a type of burial coffin made from a single stone consisting of a container and its lid. $(2)$ This type of megalithic tradition tomb can be used for primary (direct) burial, secondary (by placing the bones of the deceased), single burial, or multiple (one grave used together). $(3)$ Sarcophagi are widely found in North Sumatra, from Parapak to Dolok Sanggul on the shores of Lake Toba. $(4)$ One example of a famous burial container in Bali is the sarcophagus. $(5)$ The characteristic of the sarcophagus in this area is its curved base shape, which resembles a boat, similar to the roof of a house in North Sumatra.

$(6)$ In the past, sarcophagi could only be used by people with high social strata. $(7)$ This is evidenced by the abundance of grave goods which, in the past, symbolized a person's social level. $(8)$ In sarcophagi, it is not uncommon to find corpses in a straight, supine, or sideways position with various hand postures (straight beside the body, crossed over the chest or stomach with the palms covering the genital area, and others). $(9)$ [...], there are also folded corpse positions (sitting or lying sideways) with the knees bent under the chin, and hands folded at the head or neck.

The appropriate title for the text is ...

$(1)$ A sarcophagus is a type of burial coffin made from a single stone consisting of a container and its lid. $(2)$ This type of megalithic tradition tomb can be used for primary (direct) burial, secondary (by placing the bones of the deceased), single burial, or multiple (one grave used together). $(3)$ Sarcophagi are widely found in North Sumatra, from Parapak to Dolok Sanggul on the shores of Lake Toba. $(4)$ One example of a famous burial container in Bali is the sarcophagus. $(5)$ The characteristic of the sarcophagus in this area is its curved base shape, which resembles a boat, similar to the roof of a house in North Sumatra.

$(6)$ In the past, sarcophagi could only be used by people with high social strata. $(7)$ This is evidenced by the abundance of grave goods which, in the past, symbolized a person's social level. $(8)$ In sarcophagi, it is not uncommon to find corpses in a straight, supine, or sideways position with various hand postures (straight beside the body, crossed over the chest or stomach with the palms covering the genital area, and others). $(9)$ [...], there are also folded corpse positions (sitting or lying sideways) with the knees bent under the chin, and hands folded at the head or neck.

The appropriate conjunction to complete sentence $(9)$ is ...

$(1)$ A sarcophagus is a type of burial coffin made from a single stone consisting of a container and its lid. $(2)$ This type of megalithic tradition tomb can be used for primary (direct) burial, secondary (by placing the bones of the deceased), single burial, or multiple (one grave used together). $(3)$ Sarcophagi are widely found in North Sumatra, from Parapak to Dolok Sanggul on the shores of Lake Toba. $(4)$ One example of a famous burial container in Bali is the sarcophagus. $(5)$ The characteristic of the sarcophagus in this area is its curved base shape, which resembles a boat, similar to the roof of a house in North Sumatra.

$(6)$ In the past, sarcophagi could only be used by people with high social strata. $(7)$ This is evidenced by the abundance of grave goods which, in the past, symbolized a person's social level. $(8)$ In sarcophagi, it is not uncommon to find corpses in a straight, supine, or sideways position with various hand postures (straight beside the body, crossed over the chest or stomach with the palms covering the genital area, and others). $(9)$ [...], there are also folded corpse positions (sitting or lying sideways) with the knees bent under the chin, and hands folded at the head or neck.

The sentence that is unrelated to the content of the text is ...

$(1)$ A sarcophagus is a type of burial coffin made from a single stone consisting of a container and its lid. $(2)$ This type of megalithic tradition tomb can be used for primary (direct) burial, secondary (by placing the bones of the deceased), single burial, or multiple (one grave used together). $(3)$ Sarcophagi are widely found in North Sumatra, from Parapak to Dolok Sanggul on the shores of Lake Toba. $(4)$ One example of a famous burial container in Bali is the sarcophagus. $(5)$ The characteristic of the sarcophagus in this area is its curved base shape, which resembles a boat, similar to the roof of a house in North Sumatra.

$(6)$ In the past, sarcophagi could only be used by people with high social strata. $(7)$ This is evidenced by the abundance of grave goods which, in the past, symbolized a person's social level. $(8)$ In sarcophagi, it is not uncommon to find corpses in a straight, supine, or sideways position with various hand postures (straight beside the body, crossed over the chest or stomach with the palms covering the genital area, and others). $(9)$ [...], there are also folded corpse positions (sitting or lying sideways) with the knees bent under the chin, and hands folded at the head or neck.

The word resembles in sentence $(5)$ can be replaced with ...

$(1)$ A sarcophagus is a type of burial coffin made from a single stone consisting of a container and its lid. $(2)$ This type of megalithic tradition tomb can be used for primary (direct) burial, secondary (by placing the bones of the deceased), single burial, or multiple (one grave used together). $(3)$ Sarcophagi are widely found in North Sumatra, from Parapak to Dolok Sanggul on the shores of Lake Toba. $(4)$ One example of a famous burial container in Bali is the sarcophagus. $(5)$ The characteristic of the sarcophagus in this area is its curved base shape, which resembles a boat, similar to the roof of a house in North Sumatra.

$(6)$ In the past, sarcophagi could only be used by people with high social strata. $(7)$ This is evidenced by the abundance of grave goods which, in the past, symbolized a person's social level. $(8)$ In sarcophagi, it is not uncommon to find corpses in a straight, supine, or sideways position with various hand postures (straight beside the body, crossed over the chest or stomach with the palms covering the genital area, and others). $(9)$ [...], there are also folded corpse positions (sitting or lying sideways) with the knees bent under the chin, and hands folded at the head or neck.

An error in the use of punctuation is found in ...

$(1)$ Environmental damage in Indonesia is getting worse by the day. $(2)$ This condition has directly threatened human life. $(3)$ The level of environmental damage also increases the risk of natural disasters. $(4)$ The causes of environmental damage can be attributed to two factors, namely natural events and human actions. $(5)$ Environmental damage can be defined as a process of deterioration or decline in environmental quality. $(6)$ This is characterized by the loss of soil, water, and air resources, the extinction of wild flora and fauna, and ecosystem damage. $(7)$ Environmental damage has a direct impact on human life.

$(8)$ In 2004, the UN High Level Threat Panel, Challenges and Change included environmental degradation as one of the ten threats to humanity. $(9)$ The World Risk Report released by the German Alliance for Development Works (Alliance), United Nations University Institute for Environment and Human Security (UNU-EHS), and The Nature Conservancy (TNC) in 2012 also stated that environmental damage is an important factor determining the high or low risk of disaster in a region. $(10)$ The causes of environmental damage in general can be categorized into two factors, namely due to natural events and due to human actions.

The question whose answer can be found in the passage is ...

$(1)$ Environmental damage in Indonesia is getting worse by the day. $(2)$ This condition has directly threatened human life. $(3)$ The level of environmental damage also increases the risk of natural disasters. $(4)$ The causes of environmental damage can be resulted by two factors, namely natural events and human actions. $(5)$ Environmental damage can be defined as a process of deterioration or decline in environmental quality. $(6)$ This is characterized by the loss of soil, water, and air resources, the extinction of wild flora and fauna, and ecosystem damage. $(7)$ Environmental damage has a direct impact on human life.

$(8)$ In 2004, the UN High Level Threat Panel, Challenges and Change included environmental degradation as one of the ten threats to humanity. $(9)$ The World Risk Report released by the German Alliance for Development Works (Alliance), United Nations University Institute for Environment and Human Security (UNU-EHS), and The Nature Conservancy (TNC) in 2012 also stated that environmental damage is an important factor determining the high or low risk of disaster in a region. $(10)$ The causes of environmental damage in general can be categorized into two factors, namely due to natural events and due to human actions.

The inappropriate use of diction in the text is ...

$(1)$ Environmental damage in Indonesia is getting worse by the day. $(2)$ This condition has directly threatened human life. $(3)$ The level of environmental damage also increases the risk of natural disasters. $(4)$ The causes of environmental damage can be resulted by two factors, namely natural events and human actions. $(5)$ Environmental damage can be defined as a process of deterioration or decline in environmental quality. $(6)$ This is characterized by the loss of soil, water, and air resources, the extinction of wild flora and fauna, and ecosystem damage. $(7)$ Environmental damage has a direct impact on human life.

$(8)$ In 2004, the UN High Level Threat Panel, Challenges and Change included environmental degradation as one of the ten threats to humanity. $(9)$ The World Risk Report released by the German Alliance for Development Works (Alliance), United Nations University Institute for Environment and Human Security (UNU-EHS), and The Nature Conservancy (TNC) in 2012 also stated that environmental damage is an important factor determining the high or low risk of disaster in a region. $(10)$ The causes of environmental damage in general can be categorized into two factors, namely due to natural events and due to human actions.

Sentences $(5)$ and $(6)$ can be combined and varied without changing their meaning into ...

$(1)$ Water pollution in Indonesia is currently getting more concerning. $(2)$ Water pollution can be defined as a change in the state of a water reservoir, such as lakes, rivers, oceans, and groundwater due to human activities. $(3)$ This change results in a decrease in water quality to a dangerous level so that the water cannot be used for its intended purpose. $(4)$ In natural phenomena, such as volcanoes, storms, earthquakes, and others, they also cause changes to water quality, but in this sense, it is not considered pollution. $(5)$ Water pollution, whether in rivers, seas, lakes, or groundwater, is increasingly becoming a problem in Indonesia just like air pollution and soil pollution. $(6)$ Getting clean, unpolluted water is not an easy thing, even in rivers on mountain slopes.

$(7)$ Water pollution in Indonesia is mostly caused by human activities that leave behind settlement waste, agricultural waste, and industrial waste, including mining. $(8)$ Settlement waste has the meaning of any pollutants produced by residential areas or households. $(9)$ Settlement or household waste can come from laundry soap, bath soap, or shampoo. $(10)$ Agricultural waste has the meaning of any pollutants that produce agricultural activities, such as the use of pesticides and fertilizers. $(11)$ Meanwhile, industrial waste has the meaning of any pollutants produced by industrial activities which often produce hazardous and toxic materials (B3).

$(12)$ The Asian Development Bank (2008) once mentioned that water pollution in Indonesia caused losses of 45 trillion rupiah per year. $(13)$ The costs resulting from this water pollution include health costs, the cost of providing clean water, loss of productive time, poor tourism image, and high infant mortality rates. $(14)$ Another equally detrimental impact of water pollution is the disruption of the environment, ecosystems, and biodiversity. $(15)$ Polluted water can kill various organisms that live in the water.

The word form that is inappropriately used in the text is ...

$(1)$ Water pollution in Indonesia is currently getting more concerning. $(2)$ Water pollution can be defined as a change in the state of a water reservoir, such as lakes, rivers, oceans, and groundwater due to human activities. $(3)$ This change results in a decrease in water quality to a dangerous level so that the water cannot be used for its intended purpose. $(4)$ In natural phenomena, such as volcanoes, storms, earthquakes, and others, they also cause changes to water quality, but in this sense, it is not considered pollution. $(5)$ Water pollution, whether in rivers, seas, lakes, or groundwater, is increasingly becoming a problem in Indonesia just like air pollution and soil pollution. $(6)$ Getting clean, unpolluted water is not an easy thing, even in rivers on mountain slopes.

$(7)$ Water pollution in Indonesia is mostly caused by human activities that leave behind settlement waste, agricultural waste, and industrial waste, including mining. $(8)$ Settlement waste has the meaning of any pollutants produced by residential areas or households. $(9)$ Settlement or household waste can come from laundry soap, bath soap, or shampoo. $(10)$ Agricultural waste has the meaning of any pollutants that produce agricultural activities, such as the use of pesticides and fertilizers. $(11)$ Meanwhile, industrial waste has the meaning of any pollutants produced by industrial activities which often produce hazardous and toxic materials (B3).

$(12)$ The Asian Development Bank (2008) once mentioned that water pollution in Indonesia caused losses of 45 trillion rupiah per year. $(13)$ The costs resulting from this water pollution include health costs, the cost of providing clean water, loss of productive time, poor tourism image, and high infant mortality rates. $(14)$ Another equally detrimental impact of water pollution is the disruption of the environment, ecosystems, and biodiversity. $(15)$ Polluted water can kill various organisms that live in the water.

The ineffective sentence in the text is ...

$(1)$ Water pollution in Indonesia is currently getting more concerning. $(2)$ Water pollution can be defined as a change in the state of a water reservoir, such as lakes, rivers, oceans, and groundwater due to human activities. $(3)$ This change results in a decrease in water quality to a dangerous level so that the water cannot be used for its intended purpose. $(4)$ In natural phenomena, such as volcanoes, storms, earthquakes, and others, they also cause changes to water quality, but in this sense, it is not considered pollution. $(5)$ Water pollution, whether in rivers, seas, lakes, or groundwater, is increasingly becoming a problem in Indonesia just like air pollution and soil pollution. $(6)$ Getting clean, unpolluted water is not an easy thing, even in rivers on mountain slopes.

$(7)$ Water pollution in Indonesia is mostly caused by human activities that leave behind settlement waste, agricultural waste, and industrial waste, including mining. $(8)$ Settlement waste has the meaning of any pollutants produced by residential areas or households. $(9)$ Settlement or household waste can come from laundry soap, bath soap, or shampoo. $(10)$ Agricultural waste has the meaning of any pollutants that produce agricultural activities, such as the use of pesticides and fertilizers. $(11)$ Meanwhile, industrial waste has the meaning of any pollutants produced by industrial activities which often produce hazardous and toxic materials (B3).

$(12)$ The Asian Development Bank (2008) once mentioned that water pollution in Indonesia caused losses of 45 trillion rupiah per year. $(13)$ The costs resulting from this water pollution include health costs, the cost of providing clean water, loss of productive time, poor tourism image, and high infant mortality rates. $(14)$ Another equally detrimental impact of water pollution is the disruption of the environment, ecosystems, and biodiversity. $(15)$ Polluted water can kill various organisms that live in the water.

The core sentence of sentence $(7)$ in the text above is ...

$(1)$ The effects caused by the Covid-19 pandemic are also targeting the automotive market sector. $(2)$ This is because vehicle sales are currently experiencing a quite drastic decline. $(3)$ This does not only happen to new car sales, but also the used car market. $(4)$ As revealed by Dina, a used car dealer, their sales have dropped drastically since the Covid-19 pandemic. $(5)$ Dina stated that the decline could reach ninety percent compared to before the Covid-19 pandemic. $(6)$ She said that usually, on average, she was able to sell 30 used cars every month. $(7)$ However, after the Covid-19 pandemic, she is only able to sell one car.

Source: pikiran-rakyat.com

The word This in sentence $(3)$ refers to ...

Read the following text to answer the question!

$(1)$ The effects caused by the Covid-19 pandemic have also targeted the automotive market sector. $(2)$ Because, now vehicle sales have experienced a fairly drastic decline. $(3)$ This happened not only to new car sales, but also to the used car market. $(4)$ As expressed by Dina, a used car dealer, their sales have dropped drastically since the Covid-19 pandemic. $(5)$ Dina stated that the decline could reach ninety percent compared to before the Covid-19 pandemic. $(6)$ She said that normally on average every month she was able to sell $30$ units of used cars. $(7)$ However, after the Covid-19 pandemic, she was only able to sell one car unit.

Consider the following sentence!

"Currently, her used car dealership is closed due to following the PSBB regulations implemented by the local government."

The exact location for the sentence is ....

Read the following text to answer the question!

$(1)$ The effects caused by the Covid-19 pandemic have also targeted the automotive market sector. $(2)$ Because, now vehicle sales have experienced a fairly drastic decline. $(3)$ This happened not only to new car sales, but also to the used car market. $(4)$ As expressed by Dina, a used car dealer, their sales have dropped drastically since the Covid-19 pandemic. $(5)$ Dina stated that the decline could reach ninety-percent compared to before the Covid-19 pandemic. $(6)$ She said that normally on average every month she was able to sell $30$ units of used cars. $(7)$ However, after the Covid-19 pandemic, she was only able to sell one car unit.

The correct revision for writing ninety-percent in sentence $(5)$ is ....

Read the following text to answer the question!

$(1)$ The effects caused by the Covid-19 pandemic have also targeted the automotive market sector. $(2)$ Because, now vehicle sales have experienced a fairly drastic decline. $(3)$ This happened not only to new car sales, but also to the used car market. $(4)$ As expressed by Dina, a used car dealer, their sales have dropped drastically since the Covid-19 pandemic. $(5)$ Dina stated that the decline could reach ninety-percent compared to before the Covid-19 pandemic. $(6)$ She said that normally on average every month she was able to sell $30$ units of used cars. $(7)$ However, after the Covid-19 pandemic, she was only able to sell one car unit.

The author's purpose in the text is ....

Read the following text to answer the question!

$(1)$ The discussion about the age at which children are safe to use gadgets continues to develop in society. $(2)$ Moreover, up to now, there are no regulations governing this matter. $(3)$ Founder and trainer of Socio Learning, Shanti Maya, explained that the discussion about gadget use cannot be separated from children's developmental tasks for each age stage. $(4)$ For the $0 \text{--} 6$ year stage, children's developmental tasks, among others, include learning motoric and language skills. $(5)$ The next stage is $6 \text{--} 12$ years. $(6)$ At this stage, child development, among others, includes how to socialize, starting to carry out roles according to their gender, and starting to understand good and bad things. $(7)$ At the age stage of $12 \text{--} 21$ years, a child's thinking is already independent and already knows for sure about good and bad things, while at the age of $21$ years and above, a person is declared to be an adult.

$(8)$ "Children are only allowed to have their own gadgets when they are over $12$ years old because children can already understand good and bad," said Shanti. $(9)$ Even so, Shanti emphasized that children under the age of $12$ are still allowed to use gadgets. $(10)$ However, their use must be accompanied by parents. $(11)$ In addition, it must also be controlled and must not be left free to use gadgets as they please. $(12)$ "There must be negotiation and agreement between children and their parents that they are only allowed to use gadgets for one to two hours only", said Shanti. $(13)$ With that negotiation, children will learn to be responsible for obeying the agreements they have made themselves. $(14)$ Parents should also not interfere with the child's interaction with their gadget at the agreed time. $(15)$ Even so, parents must still ensure that the content watched by children is only positive things.

Source: gayahidup.republika.co.id.

The appropriate title for the text is ....